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Tomato Extracts Inhibit Growth and Cloning of Malignant Cells
Investigators analyzed whole tomato lipophilic extracts for their ability to tackle various neoplastic features of gastric cancer cell lines, reported Sbarro Health Research Organization (SHRO). The study found that extracts of both the San Marzano and Corbarino tomato varieties were able to inhibit the growth and cloning behavior of malignant cells. Treatment with the whole tomato extracts affected key processes within the cells hindering their migration ability, arresting cell cycle through the modulation of retinoblastoma family proteins and specific cell cycle inhibitors, and ultimately inducing cancer cell death through apoptosis.
Massively Parallel Sequencing Optimizes Recovery of DNA From Explosives
A study from the Department of Forensic Science at Sam Houston State University examines a new method to recover and analyze DNA from detonated pipe bombs.
“While forensic DNA technology has made several advancements since the 1980s, the ability to produce high-quality DNA profiles from IEDs can still be quite difficult,” said Ph.D. student and study leader Esiri Tasker. “Issues such as high heat or low amounts of DNA can cause a DNA profile to be incomplete, or fail to produce a profile at all. Without the full picture, it is harder to identify suspects with DNA.”
In their study, the researchers investigated different collection and extraction methods
for degraded and small samples of DNA leſt behind on detonated pipe bombs, including short tandem repeat markers, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) via a new sequencing method called massively parallel sequencing (MPS), and insertion and null alleles (INNULs). Te new method for replicating genetic markers, SNPs via MPS, successfully identified the ancestry of a suspect in most tests in the laboratory, which can provide another avenue for testing degraded DNA samples.
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MARRVEL (Model organism Aggregated Resources for Rare Variant ExpLoration)— developed by researchers at Baylor College of Medicine, the Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School—enables scientists everywhere to search databases simultaneously and in minutes.
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MARRVEL displays information from OMIM, ExAC, ClinVar, Geno2MP, DGV, and DECIPHER, all separate databases to which researchers across the globe have contributed, sharing tens of thousands of human genome variants and phenotypes. Since there is not a set standard for recording this type of information, each one has a different approach, and searching each database can yield results organized in different ways.
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Dr. Zhandong Liu, assistant professor in paediatrics–neurology at Baylor, explained that MARRVEL acts similar to an internet search engine. “Tis program helps to collate the information in a common language, drawing parallels and putting it together on one single page. Our program curates model organism- specific databases to concurrently display a concise summary of the data.” A user can first search for a gene or variant, Wang said. Results may include what is known about the gene overall, whether or not that gene is associated with a disease, whether it is highly occurring in the general population, and how it is affected by certain mutations.
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