PESTICIDE TESTING FOR THE CANNABIS INDUSTRY continued


Table 1 – Limits of detection in solvent for compounds on the Oregon list demonstrating the suitability of LC-MS/MS for all compounds Analyte


Abamectin Acephate


Acequinocyl Acetamiprid Aldicarb


Azoxystrobin Bifenazate Bifenthrin Boscalid Carbaryl


Carbofuran


Action level, extract (ppb) Instr. LOQ (ppb) Analyte 22.7 18.2 90.9 9.1


4.5


18.2 9.1 9.1 9.1


18.2 9.1 9.1


Chlorantraniliprole 9.1 Chlorfenapyr Chlorpyrifos Clofentezine Cyfluthrin


Cypermethrin Daminozide Dichlorvos Diazinon


Dimethoate Ethoprophos Etofenprox Etoxazole


Fenoxycarb


Fenpyroximate Fipronil


Flonicamid Fludioxonil Hexythiazox


45.5 9.1 9.1


45.5 45.5 45.5 45.5 9.1 9.1 9.1


18.2 9.1 9.1


18.2 18.2 45.5 18.2 45.5


0.45 0.45 0.05 0.45 0.05 0.05 0.18 0.09 0.05 0.05 0.05 4.5


0.09 0.05 4.5


0.45 0.45 0.18 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.18 0.05 0.09 0.05


Imazalil Imidacloprid


Kresoxim-methyl Malathion Metalaxyl


Methiocarb Methomyl


Methyl parathion MGK-264


Myclobutanil Naled


Oxamyl


Paclobutrazol Permethrin Phosmet


Action level, extract (ppb) LOQ (ppb) 9.1


18.2 18.2 9.1 9.1 9.1


18.2 9.1 9.1 9.1


22.7 45.5 18.2 9.1 9.1


Piperonyl butoxide 90.9 Prallethrin


9.1


Propiconazole Propoxur Pyrethrin 1 Pyridaben Spinosad


Spiromesifen Spirotetramat Spiroxamine Tebuconazole Thiacloprid


Thiamethoxam Trifluoxystrobin


18.2 9.1


45.5 9.1 9.1 9.1 9.1


18.2 18.2 9.1 9.1 9.1


0.05 0.05 0.45 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.09 0.45 0.05 0.05 0.09 0.09 0.05


0.09–0.18 0.05 0.05 0.18 0.05 0.05


0.45–4.5 0.05 0.05 0.45 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05


requirement set by the laboratory, and demonstrate the remarkable rug- gedness that is possible with a properly developed LC-MS/MS method.


Figure 1 – Effect of extract dilution on the peak shape for Spinosyn D spiked into a cannabis flower extract to a concentration of 4.5 ppb or 0.1 ppm in the plant.


AMERICAN LABORATORY 12


Results observed over a two-month period involving over 5000 samples are depicted in Figure 4. The chart shows the percentage of samples that were found to have a pesticide concentration in the plant above 100 ppb. Piperonyl butoxide is the most commonly found chemical— not surprising as it is one of the few compounds approved for use in states with legalized adult-use marijuana. Piperonyl butoxide is usually used in conjunction with pyrethrins to improve their effectiveness. The second most abundant compound found in cannabis is myclobutanil


JUNE/JULY 2017


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