markets | Australia
been mooted for the near future, reports The MJNEnergy LNG Supply Handbook 2015-2035. However, given the current decline in spot gas prices and glut in world LNG supplies, these will only be viable if construction costs are cut dramatically and they are made competitive with similar schemes planned elsewhere in the world, including Mozambique, Tanzania and the US .
LNG export markets In 2013-14, Australia exported 24m tonnes of LNG, of which Japan and China took 80% and 16% respectively, making it the third largest LNG exporter to the region during 2014 after Qatar and Malaysia. Principal customers included Japan’s Tokyo Gas, Osaka Gas, Chubu Electric Power and Toho Gas under long-term contracts. However, with the resumption of nuclear power generation in Japan, the country’s demand is likely to diminish. Likewise, China is now looking westward to central Asia and Russia for increasing supplies of gas. In future, as demand from Japan, China and South
Korea slows or even declines, Australia hopes to increase LNG deliveries to India, which in 2013 , became the world’s fourth-largest LNG importer accounting for
Figure 1: Australian gas production regions and main transmission pipelines
Figure 1: Australian gas production regions and main transmission pipelines
Source: Australia Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics
around 6% of the global market, according to data from IHS Energy. And a start has been made in that direction. In February 2015, India’s Petronet LNG fi nalised a long term Sale Purchase Agreement for sourcing 1.44m tonnes/annum of LNG from the Gorgon LNG Project in Western Australia ( in which India’s BPCL, GAIL and IOCL are the offtakers), according to recent reports in The Dollar Business Magazine. The IEA predicts that India, with the world’s second largest population at 1.2bn, will become the world’s third largest importer of LNG by 2020 and that Australia will be a key supplier alongside Qatar.
Australian pipelines Australia’s main gas transmission lines directly link gas fi elds to LNG export plants as well as serving the main population centres around cities such as Melbourne, Sidney and Brisbane (Figure 1). Around half of Austral- ia’s gas pipelines are dedicated to delivering gas to Australia’s domestic consumers. Three separate regional gas pipeline transmission and distribution networks link gas production fi elds, processing plants and storage facilities to consumers: The Western Australian (WA) network
Source: Australia Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics
12 PIPELINE COATING | September 2015
www.pipeline-coating.com
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