Figure 4 Possible material cycles for recycling and ways of disposal of plastics [11]


After the preparation, the crushed pieces of the metallic versions are sold to be reused. These revenues are taken into account for the LCC, since they are not operational revenues.


For sandwich materials the recycling process is more complex, as many different scenarios may be chosen. To keep this study manageable, the crushed sandwich waste is incinerated. In doing this, extra costs for incineration and landfill occur.


Table 10 Total material weights, including waste and machinery Material


Steel version


(tons)


Steel 940 Production waste, steel (25%) Total steel


Production waste, aluminium (35%) Total aluminium


Composite


Production waste, composite (15%) Total composite


Machinery 485 380 235 1175


Aluminium 120 42


162


580 203 783


607 91


698 380


Aluminium version


(tons)


Composite version


(tons)


Since costs for dismantling and cutting of the structure are assumed to be similar, they are left out in the LCCA. The structural weight used to calculate the costs in this chapter include the production waste, table 10. This results in a small error of the total cost, because costs and revenues of the production waste are considered 25 years too late, table 11. Furthermore, the quality of production waste material is better than of the structural material that has been in use for 25 years. Average scrap prices are taken to get an adequate result.


Table 11 Total disposal costs Cost element


Crushing


Incineration and landfill


Revenues for scrap, steel


Revenues for scrap, machinery


Disposal, total Data source:


 Crushing [14] o Steel: 300 SEK/t · (1175 t + 162 t + 485 t) o Aluminium: 300 SEK/t · (783 t + 380 t) o Composite: 250 SEK/t · 698 t + 300 SEK/t · 380 t


-0.13


Revenues for scrap, aluminium -0.18


-0.05 -0.31


-0.88


-0.04 -0.04 -0.88


0.03 0.06


Steel Aluminium Composite (M€)


(M€) 0.04 (M€)


0.03 0.04


B-6


©2008: Royal Institution of Naval Architects


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