Functions of .htaccess
While .htaccess is formatted to Apache web servers, it can maintain its global configuration even when working with web servers that have different global configuration files. It is used for many different kinds of directory protection.
Authorization and Authentication – As the name implies, .htaccess is used to place restrictions on the designated directory. The file may also be accompanied by a password file, labeled .htpasswd, used for storing usernames and the related passwords.
URL Rewrites – When a server rewrites long, cumbersome URLs to produce short ones that are easier to remember, it will use .htaccess to do so.
Blocking - .htaccess can be used to block SE spiders, bots, referrers, and rippers. It does so by blocking the IP address to certain users.
SSI - .htaccess can determine whether or not to enable server-side includes.
Directory Listing – If you have no specified web page, .htaccess will control the server’s actions.
Customizing Error Response – The HTTP 404 Not Found error message originates with .htaccess.
MIME Types – This function of .htaccess instructs the server in treatment of various types of files.
Cache Control – Servers are better able to control the caching performed by proxies web browsers. By doing so, the server can reduce the server load and lag time, along with the amount of bandwidth.
The main advantage of .htaccess is the immediacy of changes with the .htaccess files. This is in contrast to changes in the main configuration file, which requires rebooting of the server. Another benefit of the software is that unprivileged users can access their .htaccess files to individualize their site configuration without altering the server. However, by allowing individuals such access to the server may cause security breaches if it is not properly administered.
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