Trends Computer hardware continues to become more and more powerful. Highly parallel computing environments have become affordable even for small and medium enterprises. The appetite grows at least as fast as the more powerful capabilities become available. Higher demands from simulations come in various forms:
• More complete system analysis, with all geometrical details
Computed wave field around destroyer geometry; smeared surface at bow and stern where waves break, sharp surface elsewhere.
marine applications. FSI is important for relatively soſt structures, for very large ships (e.g. whipping and springing) and offshore structures (like floating airports) as well as for better prediction of impact loads (slamming and sloshing). So far, coupling of RANSE CFD codes and finite-element codes (for the structural analyses) is usually explicit, making the computations inefficient and not
applicable to most practical problems. Implicit coupling (as already in place for rigid-body motions in waves) is required for robustness
and efficiency. On the other hand, • More transient simulations
• Prediction of pressure fluctuation and noise sources (turbulence, cavitation)
• More fluid-structure-interaction and other multi-physics application
computational the
structural model can be simplified (e.g. treating the ship as a beam subject to bending and torsion). Such simplified structural models with implicit coupling have already been implemented.
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• Simulation of full manoeuvring tests already in conceptual design
• Simulation of interaction (ship + ice, ship + platform, ship + ship etc.).
• More optimisation studies... Of the many developments on the horizon,
we select for illustrative purposes, namely coupling CFD with formal optimisation in
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