THURSDAY, DECEMBER 30, 2010


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B5 Bicycle commuters blaze another trail for Tysons of the future tysons from B1 Right now, “it’s a challenge,


and a lot of them have to be pretty confident road cyclists to get to work,” said Jeffrey Her- mann, project manager for the county’s bicyclemaster plan. “We want to expand beyond


those people and make it sort of an everyday, every person” thing, he said. Cyclists occupy an awkward


zone between pedestrian and driver. Yet that zone could soon be ideal for traversing Tysons, an area torn between a car-centric present and hopes of a denser, more urban future. Even though parts of the transformed Tysons probably won’t soon meet the goal of complete walkability, they will at least be cycleable. The plan includes bike racks


and lockers at the fourMetrorail stations being built in Tysons. It recommends connections to the Washington and Old Dominion Trail and a trail parallel to Route 7. Construction of bike lanes on Gallows Road is scheduled to begin in the spring. The plan might consider


shared lane markings and bike- safety questions on driver’s li- cense exams. Until the changes take place,


cyclists must ride through con- struction zones.Many once used Route 7’s service roads, which have closed to make room for a


sidewalk on Gallows Road. But the last stretch gets tricky. Schachter loops around Ty-


sons Corner Center and then gets on theWestpark Bridge,which is being widened as part of the HOT lanes project. There she must avoid dips in the pavement. A car’s tire “probably wouldn’t


even feel it,” she said, “but if I hit that thing I would be dead!” Despite the challenges, several


Tysons employers encourage bik- ing towork, sowing the seeds of a future in which cyclists will be more common. BoozAllenHamilton, Pricewa-


terhouseCoopers, Freddie Mac and Science Applications Inter- national Corp., where French works, all have bike clubs. Booz Allen recently installed


lockers next to its bike racks so cyclists can store their gear. Schachter said her office has


showers and lockers, as well as pumps, tire-repair kits and bike racks. She works earlier hours to avoid riding in the dark. Her bosses “think it’s hilari-


MATT MCCLAIN FOR THE WASHINGTON POST


Chris French commutes by bicycle from his home in Oakton to his job at Tysons Corner. The trip takes more than a half-hour but less than if he traveled by car.He gets honked at occasionally, and some motorists try to pass him on two-lane roads. “You’re definitely outnumbered and outweighed,” he said.


rail line down themedian. “Conditions weren’t great be-


fore, but they’re a little bit worse now—with the prospect of them being much better once the con- struction is over,” said Bruce


Wright,who chairs Fairfax Advo- cates for Better Bicycling and helped shape the bike plan. Michele Schachter bikes 14.7


miles each way fromher Dupont Circle home to work at Pricewa-


terhouseCoopers. It’s a mostly smooth commute


that takes her through Rock Creek Park, along the Custis Trail and the Washington and Old Dominion Trail and to a wide


OBITUARIES GERALDINEDOYLE,86 Image inspired WWII’s Rosie the Riveter BY T. REES SHAPIRO BY BEN DOBBIN Geraldine Doyle, 86, who as a


17-year-old factory worker be- came the inspiration for a popu- lar World War II recruitment poster that evoked female power and independence under the slo- gan “We Can Do It!,” died Dec. 26 at a hospice in Lansing,Mich. Her daughter, Stephanie


Gregg, said the cause of deathwas complications from severe arthri- tis.


For millions of Americans


throughout the decades since World War II, the stunning bru- nette in the red and white polka- dot bandanna was Rosie the Riv- eter.


Rosie’s rolled-up sleeves and


flexed right arm came to repre- sent the newfoundstrength of the 18 million women who worked during the war and later made her a figure of the feminist move- ment. But the woman in the patriotic


poster was never named Rosie, nor was she a riveter. All along it wasMrs. Doyle, who after gradu- ating from high school in Ann Arbor,Mich., took a job at ametal factory, her family said. Oneday, a photographer repre-


sentingUnited Press Internation- al came to her factory and cap- tured Mrs. Doyle leaning over a piece of machinery and wearing a red and white polka-dot bandan- na over her hair. In early 1942, the Westing-


house Corp. commissioned artist J. Howard Miller to produce sev- eral morale-boosting posters to be displayed inside its buildings. The project was funded by the government as a way to motivate workers and perhaps recruit new ones for the war effort. Smitten with the UPI photo,


Miller reportedly was said to have decided to base one of his posters on the anonymous, slender metal worker—Mrs. Doyle. For four decades, this fact es-


caped Mrs. Doyle, who shortly after the photo was taken left her job at the factory. She barely lasted two weeks. A cellist,Mrs. Doyle was horri-


fied to learn that a previous work- er at the factoryhadbadly injured her hands working at the ma- chines. She found safer employ- ment at a soda fountain and bookshop in Ann Arbor, where she wooed a young dental school student and later became his wife. In 1984, Mrs. Doyle and her


family came across an article in ModernMaturity magazine, a for- mer AARP publication, that con- nected her UPI photo with Mill- er’s wartime poster. The artist did take some liber-


ties with Mrs. Doyle’s physique, her family said. “She didn’t have those big mus-


cles,” said her daughter Stephanie Gregg of Eaton Rapids, Mich. “She was busy playing cello.” According to her family, the


original photo of Mrs. Doyle was featured on the cover of the 1986 Time-Life book “The Patriotic Tide: 1940-1950.” “You’re not supposed to have


too much pride, but I can’t help have some in that poster,” Mrs.


Doyle told theLansing State Jour- nal in 2002. “It’s just sad I didn’t know it was me sooner.” Geraldine Hoff was born July


31, 1924 in Inkster, Mich., and grew up in Ann Arbor, where her father was an electrician. Her husband of 66 years, Leo


H. Doyle, died in February. A son, Gary Doyle, died in 1980. In addition to her daughter Stephanie, survivors include four children, Jacqueline Drewes of Eaton Rapids,Mich., Brian Doyle of Holt, Mich., Deidre Doyle of Fort Myers, Fla., Lauretta Doyle of Hollandale, Wis.; a brother; a sister; 18 grandchildren; and 25 great-grandchildren. The “We CanDoIt!” poster was


scheduled to be displayed in Westinghouse facilities for only two weeks in February 1942. As


time passed, however, it took on a whole newlife. In the early 1940s, Redd Evans


and John Jacob Loeb composed the song “Rosie the Riveter.” Simple lyrics helped the tune


become a rotation staple on radio stations coast-to-coast: “All day long whether rain or shine, she’s part of the assembly line. She’s making history, working for vic- tory, Rosie the Riveter.” After the song had become


popular, theMay 29, 1943, edition of the Saturday Evening Post cov- er featured a Norman Rockwell illustration of a muscular, red- headed riveter with the name Rosie painted on her lunch pail. From then on, many people


began to associate the hardwork- ing female factory employee with the name “Rosie,” and so the title


“You’re not supposed to have too much pride, but I can’t help have some in that poster.” —Geraldine Doyle, inspiration for celebrated WWII poster.


Alfred E. Kahn, 93,who presid-


ed over the historic deregulation of the airline industry during the Carter administration, paving the wayfor JetBlueandother low-cost carriers, died Dec. 27 at his home inIthaca,N.Y. Hehadcancer. A leading scholar on public


utility deregulation,Mr. Kahn led the move to deregulate U.S. air- lines as chief of the now-defunct CivilAeronauticsBoardin1977-78. The board had to give its approval before airlines could fly specific routes or change fares. “Historically, the board has in-


sisted on second-guessing deci- sions by individual carriers to of- fer price reductions,” Mr. Kahn said in 1978 as so-called “super- saver fares” swept the industry. “During the last several months we have been abandoning the pa- ternalistic role, leaving the intro- duction of discount fares increas- ingly to themanagement.” President Jimmy Carter em-


braced deregulation as ameans of stimulating economic growth.Mr. Kahn was largely instrumental in garnering the support needed to push through the Airline Deregu- lation Act of 1978—the first thor- ough dismantling of a compre- hensive system of government control since 1935. “I open my mouth and a fare


goes down,” he quipped to The WashingtonPost in1978. By lettingairlines insteadof the


government decide routes and fares,Mr. Kahnwas creditedwith enabling a dramatic drop in air- line fares and a boomin air travel over the last 30 years. Deregulation opened the way


J. HOWARD MILLER


Artist J.HowardMiller produced this poster forWestinghouse, modeling the image on a photograph of Geraldine Doyle working in a metal factory, a job she left shortly after the picture was taken.


stuck toMiller’s poster. Several women claimed to be


the “real” Rosie the Riveter, in- cluding RoseMonroe, an aircraft parts worker who appeared in a propaganda film promoting war bonds. In the decades since the post-


er’s creation, the image has evolved into a pop culture refer- ence that generated scores of imi- tations. Based onMiller’s artwork, and


Mrs. Doyle’s likeness, are “Rosie the Riveter” T-shirts, bags, aprons, costumes and figures. In 1999, the U.S. Postal Service


issued a stamp based on the“We Can Do It!” poster. For years, Mrs. Doyle made


appearances in Michigan to sign posters, until her arthritis made her dependent on a wheelchair and unable to write. Whilemany people profited off


the “Rosie the Riveter” image, Mrs. Doyle often said she never made a penny from it because she was too busy tending to her fami- ly and “changing diapers all the time.”


shapirot@washpost.com


for suchcarriersasPeopleExpress and JetBlue, and allowed low-cost Southwest Airlines — which had upuntil thenoperatedonlywithin Texas, outside of the aeronautics board’s reach—to expand nation- wide. But the move also contributed


over the years to the death of such storied names as Pan American andthe erosionof in-flight ameni- ties. “While the resulting competi-


tive regime has been far fromper- fect, it has saved travelers more than $10 billion a year,”Mr. Kahn wrote in a 1998 New York Times essay. Mr. Kahn was also a key player


ALFREDE.KAHN,93


Fostered airline deregulation that cut fares, boosted travel


in a broader movement that per- suaded Congress to give indus- tries such as trucking, railroads, financial services, telecommuni- cations and cable television the ability to set prices without gov- ernment involvement. In October 1978, Carter made


Mr. Kahn his anti-inflation czar, with a mandate to curb rising costs in food, medical care and energy. High oil prices, a weak bond market and a falling dollar fueled an economic crisis in 1979, and inflation approached an an- nual rate of 12percent. Inflation remained a big prob-


lem and contributed to Carter’s loss to Ronald Reagan in his bid for a secondtermin1980. Mr. Kahn spent most of his ca-


reer as a professor at CornellUni- versity, joining the faculty in 1947 and finishing as an emeritus pro- fessor of political economy. He waswidely regarded as one of the world’s leadingscholarsandinflu- ential figures in public utility de- regulation. Alfred EdwardKahn as born in


Paterson, N.J., on Oct. 17, 1917. He had bachelor’s and master’s de- grees from New York University and received a doctorate in 1942 from Yale University. Early in his career, he worked for the Brook- ings Institution, the antitrustdivi- sion of the Justice Department andtheWarProductionBoard. DuringWorldWar II, he served


as an Army economist for the CommissiononPalestineSurveys. He taughtatRiponCollege inWis- consinbefore going toCornell. In the early 1970s, Dr. Kahn


wrote a study of government con- trols of private industry called “TheEconomics ofRegulation.” In 1974, he took a six-year leave


from the university when he was appointed chairman of the New York Public Service Commission, which oversaw regulation of elec- tric, gas, telephone and water companies. He introduced an electric-rate


pricing systemthat gave breaks to users during non-peak hours and permitted Bell System competi- tors to hook up to the telephone giant’s equipment. He enjoyed singing in Gilbert


andSullivanoperettas atCornell. Survivors include his wife,


Mary Simmons Kahn of Ithaca; three children; and a nephew of whomhewas a legal guardian. —AssociatedPress


ous,” she said of her commute. “But they’re so supportive.” It takes Schachter about 70


minutes to get to work, less time than using Metro, which would involve taking two trains and a bus.


French said he is looking


forward to the changes and hopes the new bike lanes will be sufficientlywide, becausemotor-


ists pass himtoo closely. “I could extend my hand and


easily touch their car. That’s how close they are,” French said. Schachter doesn’t own a car,


so she said the bike improve- ments are important for her. She said she would like to see con- nections between trails and of- fice complexes. Lack of such connections is


“what deters people” from bik- ing, she said. For the most part, the cyclists


say that drivers are patient and aware of them, but they have had some close calls. As Schachter crossed Gallows


Road one afternoon, a car mak- ing a right turn bumped into her. She was not hurt, but the driver took her to buy a new tire. “He jumped out of the car and


said, ‘Oh, I’m a biker, too. I’m so sorry,’ ” Schachter recalled. French gets honked at occa-


sionally, and some motorists try to pass him on two-lane roads. “You’re definitely outnumbered and outweighed,” he said. “You realize how small you are.” It seems that French will be


relying evenmore on his bicycle. His Honda Civic needed repairs after being struck last week by another car as it sat parked on a neighborhood street. “I guess that inconvenience


won’t be so great,” he said with a faint smile.


hoshk@washpost.com


JAMES K.W. ATHERTON/THE WASHINGTON POST “I openmy mouth and a fare goes down,” Alfred Kahn joked in 1978.


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