Thousands of metric tons of CO2 equivalent Latin America GHG emitters by sector

-100 0 100 Chile

Ecuador Panama Uruguay

Bolivia Peru Jamaica

Colombia Paraguay

Argentina Mexico Brazil Source: ECLAC, Climate Change and Developement in Latin America and the Caribbean. Overview, 2009. Figure 3.7

along with a price structure that tends to favour energy intensity and the increased energy consumption from transportation, among other factors.

In 2007, energy intensity in Latin America and the Caribbean was 134 kg of oil equivalent per US$1,000 of GDP (at 2005 prices), less than either the world mean (186 kg) or the figure for the OECD countries (152 kg). Among the countries of the region, varying levels of energy intensity can be seen, with energy- intensity figures for Peru, Panama, Colombia,

Uruguay, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador and Mexico being below the regional average (figure 3.9). In the future, these levels could become a key factor in international competitiveness.

Evidence at the international level also shows that there is a positive, but not a linear, relation between GHG emissions and changes in output. Thus, examining CO2

emissions in

2005, excluding emissions associated with land use changes, it can be seen that LAC has a higher level of emissions per US$ million

CH4 and N2O emissions in Latin America and the Caribbean Thousands of metric tons of CO2 equivalent

Brazil

Mexico Argentina

Venezuela Colombia Bolivia Peru

1- Haiti

2- El Salvador 3- Panama 4- Costa Rica 5- Jamaica

Chile

Paraguay Uruguay Ecuador Cuba

CH4

400 000 2000 2005

Guyana Nicaragua Dominican Rep.

Honduras Trinidad and Tobago 1 2 3 4 5

Source: World Bank online database, accessed in October 2010. Figure 3.8 26

100 000 200 000 300 000

0 Brazil

Mexico Argentina

Venezuela Colombia Bolivia Peru

N2O 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1 000

Agriculture Energy

Industrial processes Waste management

1 500 Land-use change and forestry

Chile

Paraguay Uruguay Ecuador Cuba

Guyana Nicaragua Dominican Rep.

Honduras Trinidad and Tobago 1 2 3 4 5