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Feature g As Boddington highlights, content


delivered through the VitalSource platform can have a host of features applied to it such as notes, highlights and citations that are synced across all devices used to access Bookshelf. Students can also share mark-ups with colleagues, search across all e-text books in their Bookshelf collection, and study in ‘Review Mode’, using notes and highlights without the distraction of full-reading mode. ‘Lecturers might want to put a link in a


text to students, to, say, watch a YouTube video and when this is used we see a lot of interaction from the students,’ says Boddington. ‘Notes and highlights are probably the most important interactivity right now,’ she adds. ‘But I believe that as more content is available in EPUB 3, we will start to see [publishers] including more interactive content, such as videos, and question and answers at the end of a chapter.’ ‘When you talk to students they are used


to content with audio and video, and they really want to interact with it,’ she adds. Indeed, VitalSource recently worked with the British and Irish Music Association to create content for teaching students how to play musical instruments. VitalSource provided an authoring tool that allowed the association to convert documents from a PDF format to EPUB 3


“Change is also afoot among the aggregators”


files, which included videos of musicians playing a variety of instruments, including the guitar. ‘We deliver maths, science, English, business content and more, and it’s all about taking this beyond simply reading the words on a page,’ she adds. In a similar vein, Rich Belanger, senior


vice president and general manager of books at ProQuest, is seeing a rising demand for features such as searchability, cite and annotate in ebooks. What’s more, his company will be delivering what he describes as ‘its EPUB online experience’ in the third quarter of this year, and already has more than 200,000 EPUB titles ready to launch.


‘Mobile usage continues to grow and


we think we’re going to see continued demand for EPUB,’ he says. ‘With its video and audio objects, EPUB is so much better for mobile devices, as well as accessibility for people with visual impairments.’ ‘Publishers tell us that they are moving towards EPUB formats and may even flip


8 Research Information April/May 2019


Vicky Drummond, Cambridge University Press


from PDF to EPUB, and this would be ideal from our perspective,’ he adds. ‘Quite frankly, PDFs on mobile devices look awful and I think it actually hinders ebook adoption today.’


Digital Rights Matters But as industry edges towards feature- heavy formats, the issue of digital rights managements lingers. Still, in response to the growing demand for DRM-free ebooks, most notably from academic librarians, more and more DRM-free content is reaching the scholarly publishing marketplace. Cambridge University Press, for one, has


broadly taken the standpoint that users should not be prohibited from reading what is important to them. As Doshi points out: ‘We don’t want to lock our content down, so that researchers can’t read it when they want to, although we do take a different stance for different types of publishing.’ ‘For text books, for example, content


tends to be available on our platform in read-only format, whereas research content can be downloaded and shared,’ she adds. Shortly after launching Cambridge


Core, Cambridge University Press added a content-sharing service to the platform – Cambridge Core Share – designed to allow users to quickly and easily share content. As part of this, authors and subscribers generate a read-only link to, say, a journal article, which can be shared online so that anyone can read the final published version of an article for free. Users can also generate a PDF


containing a link to a journal article, so users can more easily share links on, say, ResearchGate and Academia.edu. The publisher is currently looking into extending the service to ebooks.


Rich Belanger, senior vice president at ProQuest


As Drummond also highlights, content


authors need to understand the impact of their work, and as such, content use is tracked. ‘We understand that users want to share content, and we want to support this in a responsible way,’ she says. Change is also afoot among the


aggregators. In April last year, EBSCO released a DRM-free ebook solution; given the wide variety of content hosted by large aggregators, these businesses had typically struggled to provide DRM-free ebooks. However, EBSCO’s latest system gave publishers the choice to allow some content to be sold DRM-free while retaining protections on other titles. And consequently, libraries could then choose to buy either unlimited-user DRM-free content or a cheaper limited user option when unlimited access wasn’t necessary. In the last year, ProQuest has launched


DRM-free full book downloads, as well as enhanced DRM-free chapter downloads with quite spectacular results. ‘We’re seeing huge growth in chapter downloads and full book DRM-free downloads with chapter downloads probably growing the fastest,” says Belanger. “So we intend to add another 100,000 books with DRM-free content by the end of 2019.’ As the ProQuest senior vice president, points out, right now, more than 80 per cent of the company’s content has some level of DRM-free access and this figure is set to grow to more than 90 per cent by the end of this year. Clearly, such industry developments stand testament to the slow but steady embrace of the scholarly ebook. ‘Maybe five or 10 years ago, ebook


availability was a huge issue...but today overall ebook sales are trending up,’ adds Belanger. ‘We’re not Google, this is the library market, however, ebook usage is going through the roof.’


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