Contents Regulars 04 Technology 06 Cover story 08 Column: From the Analysts


NEW REGULAR COLUMN 12 Design with frequency components


41 Products 42 Supplier’s guide / Web locator


COVER SUPPLIED BY Features


ROCHESTER ELECTRONICS MORE ON PAGES 6-7


14 Software testing matures as memory safety takes centre stage By Caroline Guillaume, CEO, TrustInSoft


25 The case for custom LED optics in product design


By David Scott-Maxwell, Director, Forge Europa


30 MCB or eFuse? – Which one is best for properly securing DC circuits By Abdul Ücüncü, Application Engineer, PULS


16 Examining the challenges posed by the <chrono> and <tuple> C++ headers in safety-critical systems By Max Blankestijn, Software Engineer, Solid Sands


20 Building mobile robots for industrial environments By Jörg Stollfuß, Field Application Engineer, MicroSys Electronics


22 Selecting switches for modern-day systems By Anette Riedl-Materna, Product Manager – Switches, Schurter


38 Semiconductors – the cornerstone of intelligent systems in avionics By Ross Turnbull, Director of Business Development, Swindon Silicon


34 Fibre-optic connectors for performance- critical applications in harsh environments By Phil McDavitt, Strategic Business Manager, Lane Electronics


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PRODUCTION/DESIGN: Tania King Email: tking@datateam.co.uk


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September 2025 Volume 130 Issue 2049 £5.90


IN THIS ISSUE: • Software and tools • Industrial applications • Components – LEDs, Switches, Circuit Breakers • Avionics


New column


OSCILLATORS on p12-13


DESIGN WITH


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