INDUSTRY 4.0 u ANALOG DEVICES The New 10BASE-T1L Standard –


has anything changed? Communication of data between various devices is essential in many aspects of daily living. The proliferation of devices and the dramatic increase in data volumes driven by digitalisation and Industry 4.0 are forcing changes in the communication landscape, says Thomas Brand, senior field applications engineer, and Thomas Tzscheetzsch, technical director Europe, both with Analog Devices


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n areas such as process automation, integrated networks that support connectivity across entire factories are required. Data must be extracted from operational technology (OT) machines, processed, and then supplied to computer systems at the company level (IT) for further processing. As the previous 4mA to 20mA or fieldbus


applications run up against their limits in terms of data communication, Ethernet is emerging as the communication standard. Primarily, this is the new Ethernet standard 10BASE-T1L, a 2-wire Ethernet solution for line lengths of up to 1,000m at a transmission speed of 10Mbps with support for transmission protocols such as PROFINET, EtherNet/IP, OPC UA, Modbus-TCP, and others. With this standard, it is possible to continue using existing 2-wire cabling and thus protect investments. This article explains the basics of 10BASE-T1L


and shows corresponding products that are also relevant in the selection of suitable connectors for various applications. Power transmission of the various connected devices via the data line also plays an important role with 10BASE-T1L.


INTRODUCTION Data communication is taking on an ever-greater role not only in the industrial sector but also in process automation. The previous 4mA to 20mA or fieldbus applications are reaching their limits due to burgeoning data volumes, and Ethernet is thus crystallising as the communication standard. The standard Ethernet, 4-wire solution has


evolved into a 2-wire solution known as 10BASE- T1L, consisting of a single pair of twisted cables or single-pair Ethernet (SPE). Above the physical layer, 10BASE-T1L is compatible with existing Industrial Ethernet technologies with 100Mbps or 1000Mbps and thus is a supplement. 10BASE-T1L is becoming standardised especially


in process automation and has the potential to effect sweeping changes in this area. Precisely here, up to now, sensors and actuators have usually been connected via a 4mA to 20mA analogue interface or a fieldbus. In process automation, unlike in mechanical engineering or plant automation, these sensors and actuators are usually at a distance to


22 June 2023 Irish Manufacturing


the control system or the remote I/O systems. Distances of 200m to 1,000m and more are common.


But what exactly is 10BASE-T1L, what advantages does this technology offer, and why is it a new standard? These questions will be answered in the following sections.


WHAT DOES 10BASE-T1L MEAN? The name 10BASE-T1L roughly explains its meaning. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) abbreviations are used here. The “10” in the medium type references a transmission rate of 10Mbps. “BASE” refers to baseband signals, which means that only Ethernet signals can be transported over the medium. “T” stands for “twisted pair.” The digit “1” stands for 1km range. In this case, it is followed by an “L” for “long range,” meaning that segment lengths of 1km and more are possible. There are still other network technologies, such


as 10BASE-2 (thin coaxial cable with a maximum segment length of 185m), 10BASE-5 (thick coaxial cable with a maximum segment length of 500m),


10BASE-F (fibre optic cable), or 10BASE-36 (broadband coaxial cable with multiple baseband channels and a maximum segment length of 3600m).


WHICH LAYER OF THE OSI MODEL CAN 10BASE-T1L BE CATEGORISED INTO? 10BASE-T1L offers the possibility of using the existing 2-wire infrastructure to realise line lengths of up to 1000m at a transmission speed of 10Mbps. The physical Ethernet technology is defined exclusively in Layer 1 (the bit transmission layer or physical layer) of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. Above the bit transmission layer, 10BASE-T1L


supports common Ethernet protocols such as PROFINET, Modbus, etc., as well as other bus systems, such as BACnet, KNX, and LON, that are commonly used in building management systems. Table 1 shows an overview. 10BASE-T1L is implemented with the help of a special Ethernet PHY in Layer 1. The Ethernet frames are transmitted between MAC and PHY


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>1000m


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