GREEN MATTERS
During development, the team discovered that the pressure exchanger could not only handle both phases, but it also had the capability to work with the incidental traces of oil that might be introduced into the CO2
from surrounding components. Unlike other components that necessitate
precise phase-specifi c operation conditions, the PX G1300 can accommodate a broader range of fl ow variations due to its ability to accept liquid, gas, and oil. Because the PX G1300 does not require oil for lubrication, it can also run at much lower speeds than a standard compressor, enabling a much greater operating range than valves and compressors. Throughout multiple years of development and testing, the pressure exchanger has also proved it can reliably control the gas cooler pressure from subcritical to supercritical pressures. Integrating the PX G1300 into CO2
refrigeration
systems off ers several direct and indirect benefi ts. Pressure exchangers provide compression and expansion, so they can function as a compressor and high-pressure valve within a CO2
system to
reduce compressor workload. This increases cooling capacity, system stability, and energy effi ciency. Because the pressure exchanger is
powered by pressure, when the temperature rises the PX G1300 off ers “free” compression to drive even more performance from the system and alleviate the workload, eff ectively tackling the common effi ciency issue seen by CO2
systems in
hot weather and allowing supermarkets to save on high energy bills and safeguard their systems during heat waves.
As a primarily mechanical device, the pressure
exchanger also requires minimal electricity to operate. This enables the system to leverage the device’s energy-saving advantages without imposing any signifi cant additional load. Because pressure exchangers do not require
water, they can reduce or potentially eliminate water waste from hot regions that have grown
to rely on water spray technology to keep CO2 systems cool in the summer. The PX G1300 is a reliable tool that can be
integrated into a system in many ways. In all cases, it provides energy savings to reduce the costs of operating CO2
systems. The design and Refrigerant Solutions hp ACR Aug22.qxp_Layout 1 13/7/22 08:54 Page 1
controls of the PX G1300 are simple enough to be added to new and existing refrigeration systems, and it is universally compatible with all major rack controllers.
Energy Recovery has partnered with industry leaders to develop CO2
refrigeration designs
that utilize pressure exchanger technology. One popular option for integrating the pressure exchanger into existing systems is to leverage the PX G1300 for additional cooling at the gas cooler outlet, reducing the fl ash gas going into the receiver and reducing MT compressor workload. Pressure exchangers are a consistent and scalable way of reducing the energy consumption of a CO2
system. CO2 is a promising alternative
to harmful greenhouse gases due to its low global warming potential and natural origin. When end users make the switch from synthetic refrigerants to CO2
, they can signifi cantly reduce
their scope 1 carbon emissions. However, its implementation as a refrigerant still needs to be improved due to high compression ratios, discharge temperatures, and operating pressure. The benefi ts pressure exchangers off er to CO2
refrigeration may ultimately speed up the transition away from HFCs to CO2
greatly reducing the carbon footprint of HFC refrigeration worldwide.
refrigeration,
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www.acr-news.com • June 2024 19
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