ELECTRONIC SENSORS Communication
The output of a temperature sensor can be an analogue voltage or digital signal. Modern temperature sensors use digital communication such as SMBus, SPI, I2C and 1-Wire interfaces, offering simple communication with microcontrollers and other digital devices. A 1-Wire interface allows multiple sensors to be connected to a single data line.
Accuracy
Choosing a temperature sensor that is accurate is essential, especially for applications that require exact temperature readings. To achieve this, an RTD or a diode- based temperature sensor using calibration should be chosen.
An example of a very accurate temperature sensor, the MAX31888, is shown in Figure 1. It’s a 1-Wire high precision, low power digital temperature sensor with stunning ±0.25°C accuracy from -20°C to +105°C for precision temperature monitoring. The IC consumes 68μA operating current during measurement and has 16-bit resolution (0.005°C). The sensor communicates with a microcontroller over a 1-Wire bus that requires only one data line (and a ground reference) for
Figure 3. The MAX31875 typical application circuit.
communication. In addition, the sensor can derive power directly from the data line through parasite power, eliminating the need for an external power supply. The MAX31888 is available in a 6-lead μDFN package. The power supply voltage ranges from 1.7V to 3.6V for external power supplies. The operating temperature range is from –40°C to +125°C.
Power consumption and size In battery-operated devices such as wearables, power consumption and size (they go hand in hand) are the key factors for choosing the lowest supply current and smallest device. Low power sensors can
reduce the amount of time needed for charging and extending battery life, yet they maintain their accuracy. Figure 2 exhibits the latest low power temperature sensors vs. their accuracy.
The MAX31875 is a ±1°C accurate local temperature sensor with an I2C/SMBus interface. It uses <10μA average power supply current. A typical application circuit is shown in Figure 3. The combination of extra small package size, excellent temperature measurement accuracy and very low supply current consumption makes this product ideal for a variety of equipment, especially for battery-operated and wearable devices. The I2C/SMBus-compatible serial interface
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