COVER STORY
HVAC hydronics – the goldmine in building renovation projects
The smart control of heating, cooling, and ventilation loads has a big impact on the energy efficiency of buildings. A key aspect here is the heating and chilled water circuit, i.e. the hydronics of a building
1 Generation
No energy loss at zero load reduces operating costs. Energy savings and the reduction of the leakages will become even more important in the future. The generation outputs of boilers or chilling systems are divided up into different performance level categories. Depending on the load, the generators will then be switched on or off. The generators will be shut off in order to minimise performance loss. The pressure drop and leakage rate when the valve is fully open should be as low as possible. This minimises the electrical power consumption of the pumps and thus the operating costs. Planning reliability as a first step towards better energy efficiency. A conventional pressure-dependent valve is designed based on the kv value. For a given nominal flow rate, this depends on the differential pressure across the valve. In order to obtain sufficient quality of control, the valve authority Pv must also be taken into account for pressure-dependent valves. The sizing is greatly simplified for pressure-independent solutions. Due to the automatic adjustment of flow deviations, the pressure- independent valve always provides the required water quantity, even with differential pressure fluctuations and during partial load operation. Due to dynamic balancing, the valve authority amounts to 1.
2 Distribution
Pressure fluctuations in distribution lead to lower power output. In pressure-dependent distribution systems, the typical arrangement consists of a manual balancing valve in series with a pressure- dependent control valve. Complex flow issues caused by pressure fluctuations can arise, resulting in system instabilities.
Even the best designed systems still make it challenging to optimise operations, especially during partial load operation. Pressure-dependent valves can suffer from flow fluctu1 2 Heating/chilled ceiling sails 3 Underfloor heating 3 Energy manifold 2 Air outlet in the room 3 Energy efficiency and comfort in buildings 7 ations due to differential pressure changes in the system. These flow fluctuations thereby result in excessively high or low power output at the heat exchanger. Pressure-independent valves help to compensate for fluctuations in flow.
Making energy flow visible. The networking of building
technology systems enhances comfort, safety and transparency in air-conditioned buildings. Thanks to this transparency, operation can be optimised and overall energy consumption reduced – in new systems as well as in retrofitting or renovation projects. This desired networking of individual components can be easily implemented with bus systems that extend throughout the entire building. Bus systems can be used to exchange unlimited amounts of data between the various bus participants over the same physical lines. The user has unrestricted access to control, feedback and parameters on the individual devices.
The added value for you as a Belimo customer. Consulting engineer:
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Reduced effort and time savings thanks to the all-in-one solution
Reduced planning effort through simple valve selection
Traceable verification and logging (commissioning report)
Automatic hydronic balancing at every load condition
Easy adaptations to power changes possible
Building owner:
Certified and traceable measurement and logging of energy data, ready for tenant billing
- Open data access provides flexibility in the choice of the energy service provider (e.g. for billing)
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Low commissioning and operating costs, which translate to optimum investment protection
Future-proof and transparent thanks to direct internet connection
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Operator, facility manager:
- Maximum comfort with minimum operating costs throughout the entire life cycle
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Pressure-independent control eliminates need of regular hydronic re-balancing
Integrated glycol measurement and compensation, or in the
case of MID devices an alarm, guarantee system safety and ensure accurate measuring values
Traceable verification and logging of billing-relevant data
High transparency and efficiency thanks to energy and system monitoring with the Belimo Cloud
Equipment subject to calibration is easy to replace
Installer:
Cost reduction and time savings with an all-in-one solution
No complicated hydronic balancing necessary
Easy logging of the approved energy 10 BUILDING SERVICES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEER JUNE 2023 -
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meter during commissioning with the Assistant App
Automatic creation of a metering commissioining report, available online
Additional commissioning benefits can be found below
System integrator: Billing and control in a single device
Simple, time-saving commissioning and configuration
Free choice of control signal (BACnet, Modbus, MP-Bus, M-Bus or analogue signal)
Energy optimisation through data transparency
Simplified installation through PoE (Power over Ethernet), as no local power supply is required
Additional commissioning benefits can be found below
Measurement service provider:
App-guided comissioning, automatically creating a formal commissioning report
Read the latest at:
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The measured data from the MID- certified energy meter can be used directly for tenant billing
Easy connection to other cloud interfaces
Easy data logging and processing
Seamless integration into open metering or billing platforms
Additional commissioning benefits can be found below
Commissioning: -
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The European requirements of the EN 1434 standard and the MID directive are met
Integrated web server for direct data access and setting options
A single smartphone app for everything: commissioning,
configuration, diagnosis and monitoring
Intuitive start-up assistant for commissioning and logging the Thermal Energy Meter
3 Zone
Demand-driven zone control. To efficiently control the heating and cooling energy used in buildings, these are typically subdivided into zones. Maximum energy efficiency and optimal comfort are provided by a demand-driven zone control system that uses continuously recorded data from various different sensors to determine the load of the individual zones and ensures that they are supplied with the exact amount of energy required i.e. not as much as possible, but exactly what is required at any given moment.
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