INSIGHT | ITACUS - EXPERIENCE OF UNDERGROUND ENVIRONMENTS
Research in photobiology (the study of how light
interacts with living organisms, including its beneficial and harmful effects) suggests that exposure to specific wavelengths of light can influence human circadian rhythms, mood, and cognitive function. Dynamic LED lighting systems, which gradually shift
in intensity and colour temperature to replicate natural light changes, have been successfully implemented in underground space in cities, such as Singapore. These adaptive lighting systems not only enhance the visual appeal of underground spaces but also promote alertness and well-being among users.
2. Spatial design and perceived openness: The perception of space is not solely dictated by physical dimensions but also by how space is designed and experienced. Underground spaces can feel less confining through the strategic use of high ceilings, expansive corridors, and reflective surfaces that amplify light distribution. Studies in spatial cognition suggest that incorporating organic shapes, wide pathways, and open-ended perspectives can reduce feelings of entrapment. In Hong Kong’s MTR system, station designs
incorporate wide concourses and high ceilings to enhance the perception of openness, helping to alleviate psychological distress in high-traffic areas.
3. Colour and material psychology: Material selection and colour schemes play a crucial role in shaping human perception of underground environments. Light-coloured surfaces create a more expansive feel, while warm hues can induce a sense of comfort. Textures and finishes also contribute to the sensory experience—glossy surfaces reflect light effectively, while matte finishes reduce glare and enhance depth perception. In Copenhagen’s underground infrastructure, a blend
of natural materials such as wood and stone is used to evoke warmth and familiarity, counteracting the often sterile feel of subterranean spaces. By integrating these psychological and design
considerations, underground environments can be transformed from mere transit spaces into engaging, user-friendly, and psychologically enriching environments. As urban populations grow and cities increasingly turn to underground solutions for spatial efficiency, a deeper understanding of human perception and experience will be key in shaping the underground spaces of the future.
Above: Underground metro in Copenhagen 34 | April 2025
THE ROLE OF ART AND CULTURE IN UNDERGROUND SPACE Integrating art and cultural elements into underground environments can transform them from purely functional spaces into places of engagement, identity, and inspiration. These elements help mitigate the psychological constraints of subterranean settings, enhancing user experience and fostering a sense of place.
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