GEO-6 for Youth: Africa
Quick facts
• The WHO estimates that air pollution causes approximately 7 million deaths annually, 600,000 of which are recorded in Africa (UNEP 2016a).
• Globally, nine out of ten people breathe in air containing high levels of pollutants (WHO 2018).
• Indoor air pollution caused by solid fuel use and/or traditional cooking stoves adversely affects the health of nine out of ten Africans (Mbatchou et al. 2015).
• Energy created through solar PV cells, landfill gas and biomass plants, creates more jobs per unit of energy than energy created from fossil fuels; easily exceeding 20 million jobs by 2030 (UNEP 2008).
2.5 Conclusion
Young people can play a vital role in shaping the development agenda on the continent. By harnessing the power of information technology and tools, such as social media platforms, young people can be at the forefront of advocacy campaigns urging governments and other stakeholders to increase efforts towards cleaner mobility.
Young people in Africa must play a bigger role in mitigating air pollution and climate change as well as building the resilience of their communities and countries to the impacts of climate change. These roles can range from traditional advocacy efforts to green economy opportunities to promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy. Funding and support from both the public and private sectors is
References
Abdoun, A. (2018). Fuel Quality and Emission Standard Developments in Africa. Presentation at the Africa Clean Mobility Week 2018, 12-16 March 2018, Nairobi, Kenya.
https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/ handle/20.500.11822/25233/FuelQualityEmissionStandardDevelopments.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y. African Development Bank (2014). Establishment of the Africa Climate Fund.
https://www.afdb.org/en/topics-and-sectors/initiatives-partnerships/africa-climate-change-fund.
Amanda, L., Glennie, G., Intscher, N., Ali, A. and Morin, G. (2014). A Greener Burkina: Sustainable farming techniques, land reclamation and improved livelihoods. London: Overseas Development Institute.
https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.
org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/9153.pdf.
Antonio, J. (2015). Opportunities for young people in times of climate change and energy transition. Macedonia: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung.
https://www.kas.de/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=5fae19ab-8a1a-6919-9742- 4bc13b90618a&groupId=252038.
Association pour la recherche et la formation en agroécologie (2011). Burkina Faso: Souveraineté Alimentaire Et Changement Climatique. Luxembourg: Action Solidarité Tiers Monde.
http://www.klimabuendnis.lu/files/ doccenter/11352107350ARFA_Burkina_Faso.pdf. Baah-Boateng, W. (2016). Developing Youth Skills for Employment. Accra: African Center for Economic Transformation.
http://acetforafrica.org/acet/wp-content/uploads/publications/2016/03/Developing-Youth-Skills-Paper.pdf.
Bhattacharyya, S. and Palit, D. (2016). Mini-grid based off-grid electrification to enhance electricity access in developing countries: What Policies may be required? Energy Policy, 94, 166-178.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j. enpol.2016.04.010.
Boko, M., Niang, I., Nyong, A., Vogel, C., Githeko, A., Medany, M., Osman-Elasha, B., Tabo, R. and Yanda, P. (2007). Africa. In Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Contribution of Working Group II to The Fourth Assessment Report of The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Parry, M., Canziani, O., Palutikof, J., van der Linden, P. and Hanson, C. (eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Chapter 9. 433-469.
https://www.ipcc.ch/ site/assets/uploads/2018/03/ar4_wg2_full_report.pdf.
Burkina Faso, Ministère de l’Environnement et des Ressources Halieutiques (2015). Plan national d’adaptation aux changements climatiques (PNA) du Burkina Faso. Ouagadougou.
http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/BKF161723. pdf. 1-155.
Cervero, R. (2000). Informal Transport in the Developing World. Nairobi: United Nations Human Settlements Programme.
http://mirror.unhabitat.org/pmss/getElectronicVersion. aspx?nr=1534&alt=1&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1.
Clean Cooking Alliance (2019). 2019 Clean Cooking Industry Snapshot: An Inaugural Report on Sector Investment and Innovation. Washington, DC.
https://www.cleancookingalliance.org/reports/2019-Clean-Cooking-Industry- Snapshot/
2019-Clean-Cooking-Industry-Snapshot.html#page=1.
Climate and Clean Air Coalition (2017). Bus Manufacturers Commit to Bring Cleaner ‘Soot-Free’ Buses to 20 Megacities, 27 September.
https://www.ccacoalition.org/es/node/2044. Accessed 08 June 2019. Climate and Clean Air Coalition (2018). African countries move toward cleaner car imports, 6 April.
https://ccacoalition.org/en/news/african-countries-move-toward-cleaner-car-imports. Accessed 08 June 2019.
needed for sustainable youth action in areas such as transportation, energy efficiency, and renewable energy. Scarcity of such funding has resulted in sub-optimal youth action in these areas. There is, therefore, a need for youth across Africa to step up concrete interventions in their respective communities. National legislation and international funding mechanisms should support such concrete interventions, such as the borehole project that was affected by Green Icon, the Tanzanian youth organisation.
Young African scholars and scientists should focus on solutions for energy efficiency and renewable energy. More holistically, African youth must approach climate change adaptation discourse with a solution- oriented mind-set that places them at the centre of those solutions.
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