LITERATURE UPDATE
(22.13% of the total platelets in ET, 2.94% in controls, P=0.035). Platelet counts were significantly increased in ET compared to controls (P=0.0123). In ET, MPV inversely correlated with platelet count (r= –0.96). These data highlight the prothrombotic phenotype of ET and postulate GPVI as a potential target to prevent thrombosis in these patients.
Role of platelet count in a murine stasis model of deep vein thrombosis. Mathews R, Setthavongsack N, Le-Cook A et al. Platelets. 2024 Dec; 35 (1): 2290916. doi: 10.1080/09537104.2023.2290916.
Platelets are core components of thrombi but their effect on thrombus burden during deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has not been fully characterised. In this study the authors examined the role of thrombopoietin-altered platelet count on thrombus burden in a murine stasis model of DVT. To modulate platelet count compared to baseline, CD1 mice were pretreated with thrombopoietin antisense oligonucleotide (THPO-ASO, 56% decrease), thrombopoietin mimetic (TPO-mimetic, 36% increase), or saline (within 1%). Thrombi and vein walls were examined on postoperative days (POD) 3 and 7. Thrombus weights on POD 3 were not different between treatment groups (P=0.84). The mean thrombus weights on POD 7 were significantly increased in the TPO-mimetic cohort compared to the THPO-ASO (P=0.005) and the saline (P=0.012) cohorts.
Histological grading at POD 3
revealed a significantly increased smooth muscle cell presence in the thrombi and CD31-positive channeling in the vein wall of the TPO-mimetic cohort compared to the saline and THPO-ASO cohorts (P<0.05). No differences were observed in histology on POD 7. Thrombopoietin- induced increased platelet count increased thrombus weight on POD 7 indicating platelet count may regulate thrombus burden during early resolution of venous thrombi in this murine stasis model of DVT.
The association of platelet count, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and platelet/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with serum soluble Klotho.
Huang C, Guan Y, Chen L, Xu Y, Yang H. Lipids Health Dis. 2024 Aug 17; 23 (1): 251. doi: 10.1186/s12944-024-02242-6.
Klotho is a protein that is closely related to human ageing. Soluble Klotho (S-Klotho) is a circulating protein, and its
level decreases in response to systemic inflammation. The relationship between the platelet/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (PHR), an emerging inflammatory index, and S-Klotho concentrations is still unclear. In addition, the mean platelet volume has been confirmed to have a significant negative association with S-Klotho concentrations, but the relationship between the platelet count (PC) and S-Klotho concentrations has not yet been reported. Data from individuals who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) during the five cycles from 2007 to 2016 were retrieved for analysis. Linear regression, two-piecewise linear regression, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) methods were used to analyse the associations of the PHR index and its components with S-Klotho concentrations. In addition, subgroup analysis and effect modification tests were conducted.
A total of 11,123 participants (5463 men [48.17%]), with an average age of 56.2 years, were included. After full adjustment, the S-Klotho levels of participants in the highest quartile group of PHR (β: –51.19, 95% CI: –75.41 to –26.97, P<0.001) and the highest quartile group of PC (β: –72.34, 95% CI: –93.32 to –51.37, P<0.0001) were significantly lower than those in their respective lowest quartile groups, and a significant downward trend was presented among the four groups (P< 0.05 for trend, respectively). However, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations were not significantly associated with S-Klotho concentrations. RCS revealed that the PHR and PC were non-linearly associated with S-Klotho concentrations; two-piecewise linear regression revealed that the inflection points were 175.269 and 152, respectively, and that these associations slightly weakened after the inflection point. According to the subgroup analysis, liver disease status enhanced the association between the PC and S-Klotho concentrations. Both the PHR and PC were
significantly negatively associated with S-Klotho concentrations, and these associations were non-linear. There was no significant association between HDL-C and S-Klotho concentrations. Liver disease status enhances the negative association between the PC and S-Klotho concentrations, and the specific mechanism deserves further exploration.
Platelet function testing: Update on determinant variables and permissive
WWW.PATHOLOGYINPRACTICE.COM FEBRUARY 2025
windows using a platelet-count-based device. Villar P, Carreño S, Moro S, Díez Galindo I, Bernardo Á, Gutiérrez L. Transfus Apher Sci. 2024 Jun; 63 (3): 103930. doi: 10.1016/
j.transci.2024.103930.
While there are various aspects of platelet biology that can be studied in the laboratory, such as adhesion, degranulation, integrin activation, the master test for platelet function is that which gives a measure of the platelet aggregation capacity upon stimulation with an agonist.
Platelet function testing is
necessary for the diagnosis of platelet disorders and the monitoring of patients receiving anti-platelet treatments. Furthermore, it becomes relevant in the quality control of platelet concentrates for transfusion purposes, especially considering the global concern about long-term storage, other forms of storage (ie cryopreservation, lyophilisation), and the impact of pathogen reduction treatments (PRTs) on platelet performance upon transfusion. However, it has been acknowledged as technically difficult and demanding, since a fine platelet function test must be carried out under specific conditions. However, there might be occasions that preclude the platelet function testing abiding to the gold standard requirements, thus, leaving us with the necessity to redefine which variables may condition or limit the analysis of platelet function testing. In the present manuscript, the authors
test different variables (such as the anticoagulant used or the time elapsed since extraction) and the possibility to reconstitute blood prior to platelet function analysis.
This study aims to provide windows of action at the diagnostics laboratory, especially when not all of the recommended procedures and conditions can be followed; for example, when a sample is sent from a long distance, when there is a limitation on blood extraction volume or when certain parameters (platelet count) preclude reliable test results.
Platelet-to-lymphocyte percentage ratio for assessing disease activity and predicting therapeutic outcomes in ulcerative colitis. Zheng J, Wang Y, Li L, Chen M, Chen R, Zhang S. Int Immunopharmacol. 2024 Aug 20; 137: 112506.
doi: 10.1016/
j.intimp.2024.112506.
Disease activity assessment and treatment outcome prediction are
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