search.noResults

search.searching

saml.title
dataCollection.invalidEmail
note.createNoteMessage

search.noResults

search.searching

orderForm.title

orderForm.productCode
orderForm.description
orderForm.quantity
orderForm.itemPrice
orderForm.price
orderForm.totalPrice
orderForm.deliveryDetails.billingAddress
orderForm.deliveryDetails.deliveryAddress
orderForm.noItems
BLOOD SCIENCES


It is crucial to establish an early diagnosis, classification, and the underlying cause as swiftly as possible


small somatic deletions associated with B-cell lymphomagenesis. Blood. 2014;123(11):1637-1646. doi:10.1182/ blood-2013-09-525808


24 Koshiol J, Gridley G, Engels EA, McMaster ML, Landgren O. Chronic immune stimulation and subsequent Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Arch Intern Med. 2008;168(17):1903-1909. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2008.4


facilitate a prompt diagnosis and the initiation of appropriate treatment. It is evident that PV and SV are superior tests for diagnosing and monitoring hyperviscosity syndrome. The benefits and rewards of PV and SV testing are substantial, for clinical services and for the patient’s clinical outcome.


References 1 Lowe GD. Blood rheology in vitro


and in vivo. Baillieres Clin Haematol. 1987;1(3):597-636. doi:10.1016/s0950- 3536(87)80018-5


2 Cleveland Clinic. Hyperviscosity Syndrome. (Cleveland Clinic, 2022) https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/ diseases/23938-hyperviscosity-syndrome


3 Syndrome.co.uk. Hyperviscosity syndrome. (Syndrome, 2025) https://syndrome.co.uk/ hyperviscosity-syndrome


4 Mahmoud A, Rana P, Beilani T, Ismaiel IM. Hyperviscosity Syndrome Multiorgan System Failure in Multiple Myeloma. Ann Clin Case Rep 2022;7(1):2364. doi:10.25107/2474-1655.2364


5 Gertz MA. Acute hyperviscosity: syndromes and management. Blood. 2018;132(13):1379-1385. doi:10.1182/ blood-2018-06-846816


6 Med Expert. Myeloma. (Med Expert, 2023) www.medexpert.sg/en/medical- specialities/haematology/myeloma/


7 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Multiple myeloma. (NICE, 2025) https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/ multiple-myeloma/


8 Perez Rogers A, Estes M. Hyperviscosity Syndrome. (StatPearls, 2023) www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK518963/


9 Harkness J. Measurement of Plasma Viscosity. In: Lowe GDO, Barbenel JC, Forbes CD, eds. Clinical Aspects of Blood Viscosity and Cell Deformability. Springer; 1981. doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-3105-2_8


10 Mehta J, Singhal S. Hyperviscosity syndrome in plasma cell dyscrasias. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2003;29(5):467-471. doi:10.1055/s-2003-44554


11 MacKenzie MR, Fudenberg HH, O’Reilly RA. The hyperviscosity syndrome. I. In IgG myeloma. The role of protein concentration and molecular shape. J Clin Invest. 1970;49(1):15-20. doi:10.1172/ JCI106213


12 Rosencranz R, Bogen SA. Clinical 36


laboratory measurement of serum, plasma, and blood viscosity. Am J Clin Pathol. 2006;125 Suppl:S78-S86. doi:10.1309/ FFF7U8RRPK26VAPY


13 McGrath MA, Penny R. Paraproteinemia: blood hyperviscosity and clinical manifestations. J Clin Invest. 1976;58(5):1155-1162. doi:10.1172/ JCI108568


14 Whittaker JA, Tuddenham EG, Bradley J. Hyperviscosity syndrome in IgA multiple myeloma. Lancet. 1973;302(7828):572. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(73)92398-2


15 Fahey JL, Barth WF, Solomon A. Serum hyperviscosity syndrome. JAMA. 1965;192:464-467. doi:10.1001/ jama.1965.03080190030008


16 Somer T. Rheology of paraproteinaemias and the plasma hyperviscosity syndrome. Baillieres Clin Haematol. 1987;1(3):695-723. doi:10.1016/s0950- 3536(87)80021-5


17 Wright DJ, Jenkins DE Jr. Simplified method for estimation of serum and plasma viscosity in multiple myeloma and related disorders. Blood. 1970;36(4):516- 522.


18 Koshiaris C, Van den Bruel A, Oke JL, et al. Early detection of multiple myeloma in primary care using blood tests: a case-control study in primary care. Br J Gen Pract. 2018;68(674):e586-e593. doi:10.3399/bjgp18X698357


19 Cheson BD. Chronic lymphoid leukemias and plasma cell disorders. ACP Medicine. New York, NY. 2006


20 Waldenström JAN. Incipient myelomatosis or “essential” hyperglobulinemia with fibrinogenopenia - a new syndrome? Acta Med Scand. 1944;117(3‐4):216-247.


21 Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Diebold J, et al. World Health Organization classification of neoplastic diseases of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues: report of the Clinical Advisory Committee meeting-Airlie House, Virginia, November 1997. J Clin Oncol. 1999;17(12):3835-3849. doi:10.1200/ JCO.1999.17.12.3835


22 Kyle RA. Multiple myeloma and the dysproteinemias. In: Stein JH, ed. Internal medicine. 5th edn. Mosby; 1998.


23 Hunter ZR, Xu L, Yang G, et al. The genomic landscape of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia is characterized by highly recurring MYD88 and WHIM-like CXCR4 mutations, and


25 Wallach JB. Interpretation of diagnostic tests. 7th edn. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2007.


26 Berlin NI. Diagnosis and classification of the polycythemias. Semin Hematol. 1975;12(4):339-351.


27 Anía BJ, Suman VJ, Sobell JL, Codd MB, Silverstein MN, Melton LJ 3rd. Trends in the incidence of polycythemia vera among Olmsted County, Minnesota residents, 1935-1989. Am J Hematol. 1994;47(2):89- 93. doi:10.1002/ajh.2830470205


28 Dintenfass L. Red cell rigidity, “Tk”, and filtration. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 1985;5(3):241-244. doi:10.3233/CH-1985- 5308


29 Norcliffe D, Brown MJ. An evaluation of ’Tk’ as an indicator of red cell rigidity. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 1988;8(5):797-800. doi:10.3233/CH-1988-8527


30 Harkness J. The viscosity of human blood plasma; its measurement in health and disease. Biorheology. 1971;8(3):171-193. doi:10.3233/bir-1971-83-408


31 Tan S. Guidance on Plasma Viscosity (PV). (NHS Tayside, 2019) www.nhstaysidecdn. scot.nhs.uk/NHSTaysideWeb/


idcplg?IdcService=GET_SECURE_FILE&Re ndition=web&RevisionSelectionMethod=L atestReleased&noSaveAs=1&dDocName= prod_342415


32 Patient. Blood tests to detect inflammation. (Patient, 2024) www.patient. info/treatment-medication/blood-tests/ blood-tests-to-detect-inflammation


33 Alexander GJ, Blake DR, Holman RL, Bacon PA. Predictive value of paired plasma and serum viscosity in early rheumatic conditions. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1981;282(6271):1198. doi:10.1136/ bmj.282.6271.1198


34 Leeds Teaching Hospitals. Plasma Viscosity (PV). (Leeds TH NHS, 2024) www.leedsth. nhs.uk/services/pathology/tests/plasma- viscosity-pv/


David Manuel BSc (Hons) Health Science, SP & IP (Prescribing), PGCert (Advanced Practice) David Norcliffe MMedSci, CSci (retired) FIBMS (retired) DM Bernie Benson, Founder and Chairman of Benson Viscometers


Article supplied by Benson Viscometers +44 (0) 1646 650065


sales@bensonviscometers.com www.bensonviscometers.com


DECEMBER 2025 WWW.PATHOLOGYINPRACTICE.COM


Page 1  |  Page 2  |  Page 3  |  Page 4  |  Page 5  |  Page 6  |  Page 7  |  Page 8  |  Page 9  |  Page 10  |  Page 11  |  Page 12  |  Page 13  |  Page 14  |  Page 15  |  Page 16  |  Page 17  |  Page 18  |  Page 19  |  Page 20  |  Page 21  |  Page 22  |  Page 23  |  Page 24  |  Page 25  |  Page 26  |  Page 27  |  Page 28  |  Page 29  |  Page 30  |  Page 31  |  Page 32  |  Page 33  |  Page 34  |  Page 35  |  Page 36  |  Page 37  |  Page 38  |  Page 39  |  Page 40  |  Page 41  |  Page 42  |  Page 43  |  Page 44  |  Page 45  |  Page 46  |  Page 47  |  Page 48  |  Page 49  |  Page 50  |  Page 51  |  Page 52  |  Page 53  |  Page 54  |  Page 55  |  Page 56  |  Page 57  |  Page 58  |  Page 59  |  Page 60