Meat consump- tion is positively associated with income. How- ever, at a certain level (around US$ 40,000 GDP per capita), total meat consump- tion decreases with income.
Poultry dominates meat consumption World poultry consumption per capita was 14.8 kg in 2019, compared with 9.8 kg in 2000. Absolute poultry consumption per capita more than doubled in 13 countries. Of the 35 coun- tries studied, a linear increasing trend was seen in 30 of them in per capita poultry consumption between 2000 and 2019. In 15 countries, the increase was greater than 10 kg/capita, while it was greater than 20 kg/capita in Peru, Russia and Malaysia. A slight decrease in per capita poultry consump- tion was observed in Ethiopia, Nigeria and Paraguay, while no trend was observed in Israel and Thailand. In contrast to the declining proportional contribution of beef and pork to world total meat consumption, the contribution of poultry increased from 33% to 43.4% between 2000 and 2019. Despite growing meat consumption in low and middle-in- come economies, disparities between countries remain. Some countries, such as India and Ethiopia, consume less than 5 kg/capita/year because of affordability issues, while consumption in Australia and the US, for example, is as much as 100 kg/capita/year. In New Zealand, Canada, and Switzer- land, vegetarianism has been on the rise, as a larger propor- tion of the population is now consciously decreasing meat consumption because of environmental and health concerns, challenging existing cultural values. The improved availability
of alternative proteins is also behind the reduction in meat consumption, as are issues such as animal welfare, ethics, concerns about the environment, the sustainability of food systems and health.
*This study was published in MDPI.
Table 2 – Top 10 poultry consumers in 2000 and 2019 in % change.
Kazakhstan Ukraine Vietnam Russia India
Pakistan Colombia Peru
Indonesia Iran
Poultry consumption Poultry consumption % change 2000-2019 2000 kg/capita 3.1 4.4 4.0 8.8 0.8 2.1
2019 kg/capita 16.5 22.3 16.2 30.6 2.4 6.6
11.7 17.7 3.5
11.0
31.3 45.3 7.8
23.2 ▶ POULTRY WORLD | No. 2, 2022
426.6 405.4 304.7 247.8 218.3 211.9 167.4 156.8 124.4 110.2
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