Figure 2 - Percentage of very high risk answers, given to question 1 and 5 in ‘Location risk’ category.
Examples of location risks
Biosecurity matters at every step of the pig production phase. This particular swine farm (not related to the arti- cle) has clear, pneumatic spatial zoning when pigs are being transported away. This way a driver doesn’t have to enter a pig house and staff don’t have to leave.
PRRS status of nearest
neighbouring pig farm unknown and/or clinical break within last six month.
More than three farms within 1 km radius of this farms.
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Figure 3 - Percentage of very high risk answers given to question 6, 7, 8 and 11 in ‘external risk’ category.
Examples External risks
No restrictions of flow of feed vehicles, the same truck may deliver feed to PRRSV positive, negative or naive farms
No desinfection used on vehicles used to transport animals to market or collection points
No restriction on washing frequency of vehicles used to transport animals to market or collection points
No flow restrictions on vehicles used to transport animals to market or collections points
010203040506070 28 ▶ PIG PROGRESS | Volume 34, No. 6, 2018
This high risk of area spread of course increases the de- mand for a high level of external biosecurity. This survey reveal, that globally a lot farms are at extremely high risk to introduce PRRSv by animals and persons. Often farms pay little attention to flow and cleaning of vehicles between PRRS negative and positive farm. This goes for vehicles for animal and feed transportation as well as pick up of dead animals. Furthermore, in 50% of cases, visitors and truck drivers can access the farm directly without restrictions (see Figure 3). When a disease like PRRS has entered a farm it is important to avoid the spread of the disease between the different areas of production and reduce the infection pressure. The internal biosecurity questions in the ‘Combat’ app showed that in more than 50% of farms, persons, clothes and boots are being moved unrestricted between areas of production. Incoming gilts is another well-known source of PRRSv introduction into the sow herd. Still, in 67% of the farms, gilts were in contact with PRRSv infected animals before introduction (Figure 4). If pigs or sows are at risk of being infected by PRRSv, they should be properly immunised by a PRRS modified live vaccine before this happens. It is a well-known fact, that PRRSv vaccination alone is not enough to control PRRSv in a herd. To exploit the full potential of the vaccines and reach the goal of PRRS stability, the management and pig flow has to be optimal. Mixing of pigs of different ages is one of the most common reasons for continuous circulation of PRRSv in a herd. In the app there are 13 questions directly related to the ‘ten golden rules’ for PRRS management.
PHOTO: BERT JANSEN
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