allowing substantial reformulation, regardless of the diet composition. Improved digestibility is achieved via the product’s complete mode of action, improving all digestive phases. Furthermore, it prevents the lipid encapsulation of nutrients by removing the fat matrix, improving accessibility of other nutrients. During the hydrolysis phase, the nutrient absorption enhancer contributes to the rapid formation of smaller, more stable mixed micelles. This increases the surface area for enzyme activity and raises the number of mono and diglycerides released, increasing the availability for absorption. In the final digestive phase, the product has been shown to modulate membrane permeability, allowing increased absorption of nutrients. This modulated membrane permeability is also thought to aid electrolyte balance maintenance under heat stress conditions.


Increasing the digestibility of nutrients Lysophospholipid supplementation has also been shown to increase the gene expression of collagen, leading to longer and stronger intestinal villi. Whilst the mode of action for lysophospholipids is centred around lipid digestion, interestingly, Lysoforte Extend has been shown to significantly increase the digestibility of a wide range of nutrient, including protein, dry matter, AMEn, and fat. When used in reformulation with an isoenergetic diet (- 60/80 kcal/kg ME), the use of Lysoforte Extend has been shown to significantly increase AMEn compared to a no-treatment control (Figure 1). Therefore, not only is the product making up the reduction in


ME content, but it is still able to make gains over the control.


Immune modulators Feed additives can also address immune impairment during heat stress conditions. β-glucans, are immune modulators, that have been demonstrated to stimulate specific and non-specific immune response, increasing resistance to infec- tions and diseases. Aleta is a β-glucan based immunomodu- lator derived from a unicellular algae Euglena gracilis. Aleta contains a highly bioavailable source of β-(1,3)-glucan that helps animals to cope with the immunocompromising effects associated with heat stress. In the animal’s body, immune cells like macrophages and dendritic cells can recognise β-glucan structures by cell surface receptors such as dectin-1. In response to binding β-1.3-glucan, an immune modulation will occur. When used in heat stress conditions Aleta has been shown to reduce the concentration of a pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α, reduce FCR and improve meat quality by reducing the cooking loss and the pH of the meat pH compared to a non-treated control (Figure 2). Heat stress remains a major challenge and has extensive negative effects on bird health, performance and profitability of the poultry industry. Nutritional and immunomodulating interventions can be an effective solution in reducing the negative impacts of heat stress.


References available on request ▶ HEAT STRESS | MAY 2021 13


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