CONTINUING EDUCATION TEST
The current state of SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests and their future potential uses DECEMEBER 2021 [This form may be photocopied. It is no longer valid for CEUs after June 30, 2023] Passing scores of 70 percent or higher are eligible for 1 contact hour of P.A.C.E. credit.
TEST QUESTIONS Circles must be filled in, or test will not be graded. Shade circles like this: ONot like this:O
1. Studies have shown that N and S1 ELISAs detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies with high specificity.
{ A True
{A. N and S {B. M and S
{B. False
2. CoV-2 elicit antibody responses to N, S, RBD and other proteins, but vaccinated individuals have antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 ________ proteins.
{C. N and RBD {D. S and RBD
3. Studies have shown that N and S1 ELISAs detect SARS CoV-2 antibodies with high specificity, in comparison to_____________, due to the S2 subunit being highly conserved among coronaviruses compared to S1.
{A. 0RBD {B. the full-length S protein {C. the full-length N protein {D. the ectodomain
4. Which of the following statements are false?
{A. IgM tests typically have lower sensitivity to detect past infection compared to IgG
{B. Tests designed to detect and differentiate between IgM and IgG in combination and
or total antibody.
{D. Combined IgG/IgM assays are less sensitive than assays that measure either
IgA typically have lower specificity than IgG or total antibody.
{E. Total or IgG are preferred due to increased sensitivity and specificity compared to
antibody separately. IgG/IgM, IgM, or IgA
5. The S protein is located on the surface of virus protruding from the envelope, functions to facilitate virus entry into host cells, and is comprised of three segments: _______________ ________________________.
{A. the ectodomain, single-pass transmembrane, and intracellular tail
{B. N protein, S protein, and RBD {C. nucleocapsid, flagella, and mitochondria {D. None of the above
6. Which of the following statements are not true?
{A. Monoclonal antibody therapy administration is time sensitive and must
{B. For tMab therapy, a point of care SARS CoV-2 Ab test solution is not optimal.
start as soon as possible post exposure or within 7 days.
{C. Presence of SARS CoV-2 antibodies in these patients could be indicative of an
adequate immune response from previous exposure or vaccination.
{D. Individuals with detectable antibodies would not be candidates for tMab
treatment
7. Which of the following are not part of the ectodomain?
{A. S1 subunit {B. N protein
{A. the spike protein {B. the mitochondria {C. the ectodomain {D. the nucleocapsid
9. Which of the following is not a type of nAb test?
{A. Virus neutralization tests (VNT) {B. Aggressive neutralization tests (aVNT) {C. Pseudovirus neutralization tests (pVNT) {D. Competitive neutralization tests (cVNT)
10. Binding antibody tests detect the presence of antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, but the antibodies detected are ________________________ immunity.
{
A.defenders of {B. always conferring {C. not necessarily capable of conferring {D. building up
11. Binding antibody tests employ several different types of assay methodologies including:
{A. lateral flow (LF) and microfluidic immunoassay
{B. chemiluminescence (CIA) {D. all of the above
{C. enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
12. Serology tests ______________ for diagnosis of infection.
{A. are not suitable {B. are always used {C. are common {D. are just as good as other methods
13. Negative results _______________ in SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals due to lack of antibody production in the early stages of infection.
{A. will never happen {B. may occur {C. will always occur {D. rarely occur
{C. RBD {D. S2 subunit
8. The N protein is highly conserved among the CoV genus, is an immunodominant protein, and is found within the virus on_____________.
14. False positives can result from cross reactivity with preexisting antibodies from previous infection from other coronaviruses____________.
{A. that cause the common cold (229E, NL62, OC43, and HKU1).
{B. that cause SARS-CoV-2 or MERS-CoV. {C. with antibody tests with low specificity. {D. all answers are correct
15. ____________ responses tend to decrease fairly rapidly, with IgG responses being much more durable over time.
{A. Immune {B. Emotional
{B. Antibodies resulting from SARS CoV-2 infection are generally detectable within
symptom onset.
{C. IgA and IgM antibodies can be detected as early as 5 days after infection, with
10-14 days post symptom onset.
{D. Antibodies are detectable within 3 days of infection.
levels increasing in the second and third weeks.
17. Almost all immunocompetent individuals mount an antibody response to SARS CoV-2 infection and ________ of individuals that do mount an antibody response, have detectable, neutralizing antibodies to SARS CoV-2,
{A. 20% {B. 50%
{C. 75% {D. 90%
18. Asymptomatic individuals may seroconvert ______________.
{A. as soon as they get infected {B. upon viral impact {C. later in the course of infection or not at all {D. about seven-14 days after infection
19. Asymptomatic individuals have _________ IgG levels compared to symptomatic patients.
{A. higher {B. lower {C. the same {D. earlier detectable
20. Asymptomatic patients may mount a ________ response and titers may diminish _______.
{A. weaker, earlier {B. stronger, earlier {C. weaker, later {D. stronger, later
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NAME CITY PHONE P = Poor; E = Excellent
1. To what extent did the article focus on or clarify the objectives?
P E
2. To what extent was the article well-organized and readable?
P E
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recertification
employment other
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MLO and Northern Illinois University (NIU), DeKalb, IL, are co-sponsors in offering continuing education units (CEUs) for this issue’s CE article. CEUs or contact hours are granted by the College of Health and Human Sciences at Northern Illinois University, which has been approved as a provider of continuing education programs in the clinical laboratory sciences by the ASCLS P.A.C.E.®
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state of Florida (Provider No. JP0000496). Continuing education credits awarded for successful completion of this test are acceptable for the ASCP Board of Registry Continuing Competence Recognition Program. Readers who pass the test successfully (scoring 70% or higher) will receive a certificate for 1 contact hour of P.A.C.E.® credit. Participants should allow three to five weeks for receipt of certificate. The fee for this continuing education test is $20. This test was prepared by Amanda Voelker, MPH, MT(ASCP), MLS, Clinical Education Coordinator, School of Health Studies, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL
16 DECEMBER 2021
MLO-ONLINE.COM HOME WORK
{C. IgM and IgA {D. Ketone
16. Which of the following is not true?
{A. IgG antibodies were shown to be detectable around 7-14 days after
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