sel emissions, we need to use all the tools in the tool box to reduce such exposures for the benefit of students, staff and neighbouring communities. There are decisive actions we can take now, today, on the near-term options that exist, while setting in motion plans for a cleaner, healthier school trans- portation systems for our children and future generations.
Erica Phipps is the Executive Director of the Canadian Partnership for Children’s Health and Environment (CPCHE). Helen Doyle serves as the Environmental Health Work Group Chair for the Ontario Public Health Association (OPHA). Barb MacKinnon is the President and CEO of the New Brunswick Lung Association.
We would also like to thank Don Huff, President of ECO Strategy, for his assistance in bringing this piece to publication.
References:
California Air Resources Board (2016). Children’s School Bus Exposure and Mitigation Studies. Online at:
https://ww3.arb.ca.gov/research/schoolbus/school- bus.htm
Canadian Cancer Society (2019). Walking School Bus.
http://www.cancer. ca/en/prevention-and-screening/reduce-cancer-risk/get-involved-on/walk- ing-school-bus/?region=on
Clean Air Partnership & Ontario Public Health Association (OPHA). (2010).
School Buses, Air Pollution and Children’s Health: Follow-up Report. https://
opha.on.ca/OPHA/media/Resources/Resource%20Documents/SchoolBus-Fol- lowupReport-1Oct2010_1.pdf?ext=.pdf
Équiterre (2018). Action of the Month: Encourage School Bus Electrification! Online at:
https://equiterre.org/en/news/action-of-the-month-encourage-school- bus-electrification
Green Communities Canada (2018). Making the Case for Active School Travel.
http://ontarioactiveschooltravel.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Making-the- Case-for-Active-School-Travel-Fact-Sheet-and-Reference-List.....pdf
Health Canada (2016). Human Health Risk Assessment for Diesel Exhaust. http://
publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2016/sc-hc/H129-60-2016-eng.pdf
Health Canada, New Brunswick Lung Association, Environment Canada, New Brunswick Department of Education, Environment and Human Health, Inc. & Research and Productivity Council (2005). Evaluation of the Levels of Diesel-re- lated Pollutants on School Buses During the Transportation of Children – Exec- utive Summary.
http://publications.gc.ca/Collection/H128-1-06-455E.pdf
MacNeill, M., et al. (2016). Can changing the timing of outdoor air intake reduce indoor concentrations of traffic‐related pollutants in schools? Indoor Air, 26: 687-701. doi:10.1111/ina.12252.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ ina.12252
Ontario Public Health Association (OPHA) (2005). School Buses, Air Pollu- tion & Children’s Health: Improving Children’s Health & Local Air Quality by Reducing School Bus Emissions.
https://opha.on.ca/getattachment/25c418d3- 89c9-464f-9c89-e22b5f804103/School-Buses,-Air-Pollution-Children-s-Health.
pdf.aspx?ext=.pdf
Natural Resources Canada (2018). Fuel-efficient driving.
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gc.ca/energy/efficiency/transportation/21042
US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) (undated). Clean School Bus Idle Reduction. Online at:
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