Air Monitoring 27


OFCEAS is very attractive for industrial installations with explosive area requirements, like petro chemical plants.


Furthermore, the measurement of low concentrations of H2 S in


the fl ue gas by OFCEAS from 50ppb to 100ppm, is also useful when refi neries are required to control their sulfur emissions.


In conclusion, the combination of OFCEAS and LPS allows a new approach of continuous emissions monitoring. And it could be a perfect answer to the lowering of the emission limits by the authorities in the near future (BREF). Gas compounds such as HF, HCl, NH3


, CO, H2 S, and formaldehyde, could be easily measured


in ppb concentrations. The applications where those level of performances are required are numerous, and could relieve many industrials from measurement constrains encountered by older installed instrumentation technologies.


Instruments based on OFCEAS and LPS technologies, LaserCEM®


are already certifi ed by TUV and MCERTS regarding EN 15267. And the manufacturer AP2E, part of DURAG group, is able to supply LaserCEM®


, as well as complete CEMS instrumentation


(including DAHS, dust, fl ow, Hg) via DURAG partners and durag subsidiaries, worldwide.


,


Author Contact Details Etienne Smith, Sales & Service Director at AP2E, part of DURAG Group • Email: e.smith@ap2e.com • Web: www.ap2e.com


Ultrafi ne particle monitoring for air quality measurements


Air quality affects us all. While the fi eld of air quality encompasses many aspects, one topic that is been gaining attention in recent years is the measurement of ultrafi ne particles.


Ultrafi nes are particles that are too small to contribute appreciably to mass-based measurements, but are present in ambient air. They are quantifi ed using the concept of ‘number concentration’, or number of particles per cubic centimetre of air. For more on number-based measurements, there are a series of white papers available from TSI.


Measuring the particle number concentration of particles in ambient air is mainly done using


a single particle counting technique and focuses on particles in the size range of ~1 nm to ~1 µm. This technique utilizes a condensation process to make those tiny, invisible particles visible to an optical counter. These Condensation Particle Counters (CPCs) work over a wide range of concentrations and can therefore be used both in heavy polluted areas and at background stations. The European standard CEN/TS 16976 describes the use of CPCs to determine atmospheric aerosol number concentrations, while CPC calibration is described in ISO 27891:2015. CPCs are fully automated systems with very low user interaction during long-term operation. TSI has continually built expertise since releasing the fi rst commercially available CPC in 1979.


Using a CPC as the basis, adding sizing capability adds another level of insight. Since airborne particles are present over a very wide size range, various technologies have been developed to measure particle diameter. Ultrafi ne particles can be measured with high time and size resolution, typically covering a particle size range between 1 nm and 1 µm. These ultrafi ne particle spectrometers are based on electrical mobility measurement (as described in ISO15900:2009) and utilize CPCs to count the number of particles in each size channel. Determining the ultrafi ne particle size distribution is described in the new European standard draft CEN/TS 17434 as released in 2019. In this standard, the method ‘Mobility Particle Size Spectrometer (MPSS)’ is used to cover a size range from 10 nm to 800 nm. TSI’s Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS) fi ts this need and has been making ambient air measurements worldwide for years.


TSI is a global leader in the fi eld of condensation particle counters and Mobility Particle Size Spectrometers (SMPS, MPSS). The instruments are available in various versions, to cover applications such as new particle formations (down to 1 nm), engine emission measurements, and also ambient monitoring. In the context of developing regulations and evolving science, TSI will continue to serve the ambient monitoring community for years to come.


More information online: ilmt.co/PL/dpAq For More Info, email:


email: For More Info, email:


53810pr@reply-direct.com


email: For More Info, email: email:


Precise and reliable continuous monitoring of natural permanent gases for the petrochemical, chemical and energy industries


Permanent gas analysis is widely used in a broad range of applications in the petrochemical, chemical, and energy industries. As an example, permanent gases like O2


, CO2 , N2 , Ar, CH4


and ethane are ubiquitous in


pure gas manufacturing, refi nery gases, natural gas, fuel cell gases, as well as plenty of other industrial processes. Automatic identifi cation and quantifi cation of concentrations of these gases can play a crucial role in production quality and manufacturing process control.


Chromatotec® has developed a method for the measurement of C1- C6+ in natural gas (H2


state-of-the-art Chroma Ex analyser. The system uses N2


S can also be measured as an option) using their , produced by


Chromatotec’s Nitroxychrom Nitrogen generator, as the carrier gas along with a thermal conductivity detector (TCD). To operate this analytical system, all that is needed is an electricity supply. Chromatotec’s® analytical columns ensure accurate and repeatable analyte separations. The system works in a way which enables precise analyte detection while other potential interferents are not injected in the main column to contaminate the sample. Chromatotec off this system with custom confi gurations for safe and hazardous areas: ATEX, IECEx, CSA and CSA international certifi cates for use in refi neries and petrochemical facilities.


More information online: ilmt.co/PL/z2GZ For More Info, email:


57045pr@reply-direct.com


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