CONSERVATION & ECOLOGY
O - H + H + Fig. 2. Water molecule chemistry Fig. 3. 9th green wetland during construction
was not a feasible option due to fi nancial restrictions and a lack of natural drainage exit points.
Paul realised his plans to implement an agronomy programme to improve the playing surfaces would be hindered until he got the land draining quicker, particularly away from areas of play. One such area was the 9th green which regularly fl ooded, resulting in water streaming through to the nearby car park. With no natural exit point available, the decision was taken to incorporate a wet land feature at the rear of the green (Fig. 3 & 4). New perimeter drains were installed with the wetland used as an exit point, resulting in the feature holding water at varying depths for the majority of the year. Along with the improved drainage of the green area, run off to the car park was prevented, this helping to limit storm water entering ground water drains.
Fig. 6. Meandering ‘cell’ ditch system
The topography of the land at Dunnikier also resulted in large quantities of standing
water on a number of fairways (Fig. 5). To help address this it was decided to ‘open’ the old fi eld drains, resulting in the creation of a constantly fl owing feature spanning a total length of 835m across the width of the course. Solid pipe was used as a carrier under areas of play such as fairways. The meandering nature of the design has resulted in fl ow rates fl uctuating and slowing at various points. This characteristic has enabled a ‘cell’ type system to be created (Fig. 6 & 7), enhancing the fi ltration by macrophytes of any pollutants present prior to water exiting at ground water drains located at the perimeter of the course. Increasing drainage issues are not solely
confi ned to parkland courses. The venue for this years Scottish Open, Gullane golf club is a links course situated on the East coast of Scotland. At one of the highest points of the course, course manager Stewart Duff found himself confronted with an area of land that was becoming
Whilst in turf maintenance
you may encourage nutrition, fresh water systems do not want or require additional inputs of nutrients from foreign sources
Fig. 5. Previous fl ooding after heavy rainfall 122 PC August/September 2018
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