No Water To Farm CONTINUED FROM PAGE 3


“Otherwise you are using 25 per- cent more water than you have to. If you don’t know what CHS or Pipe Planner is, you have to get with it. Go to one of these lec- tures available at this confer- ence.” Without these tools, how does


a farmer actually decide to irri- gate the crop? Using visual cues, you’re simply responding to heat stress and not really drought stress. Soil moisture sensor technology can help. “It can tell you if you have yield loss, and give you other valuable informa- tion.” From data out of Arkansas and Mississippi in 40- to 60-acre


blocks, those irrigating using these irrigation tools are using 30 percent less water. “We are also looking at soy-


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beans, different management styles to improve yield,” Krutz explained. “Rice guys in a soy- bean rotation who are still plant- ing soybeans flat are flooding the fields, and flood is such an inef- ficient delivery system. You’re not only using the same water, you are tossing off 10 bushels and looking at a $100 loss, if you are planting flat. Can you throw off $100, or is it worth putting the crop on a bed and using CHS and surge irrigation to furrow ir- rigate?” He discussed corn also. “When I got here we did not know how to irri- gate corn. By s t u d y i n g data from 16 farms


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Stripe Rust Of Wheat Update S


DR. CARL A BRADLEY


PRINCETON, KY. Puccinia


tripe rust, caused by the fungus stri-


iformis, was fairly preva- lent in Ken- tucky wheat


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12• MidAmerica Farmer Grower / April 14, 2017


fields in 2016, and will likely make an appearance again in 2017. Generally, the stripe rust fungus doesn’t survive Ken- tucky winters, but it can move into Kentucky during the grow- ing season from states south of Kentucky. So far this season, stripe rust has been observed in states like Mississippi and Arkansas, which is an indica- tion that the disease is headed northward. A major pathway in which the stripe rust fungus’ spores move northward is the Mississippi River Valley, so once the disease is in states like Mis- sissippi and Arkansas, it is only a matter of time before it arrives in Kentucky. Fortunately, many wheat vari-


eties are resistant to stripe rust. For resistant varieties, no addi- tional management will be needed. In addition to checking with the seed company about how resistant a specific wheat variety may be, this information may also be obtained by looking at the re- sults of the 2016 University of Kentucky Wheat Variety Perform- ance Trials. If a variety is suscep- tible to stripe rust, a foliar fungicide application may be needed. Scouting & Management Since stripe rust is present in


Yield loss is related to how early stripe rust appears.


In many


years, stripe rust may not occur until after heading. In those cases, a fungicide specifically for stripe rust control will likely not be needed. If stripe rust appears prior to heading on a susceptible variety, then yield loss may occur. A fungicide applied at early flow- ering (Feekes growth stage 10.5.1) for Fusarium head blight control


(such as Prosaro or Caramba) will provide protection


wheat will provide a satisfactory level of control of stripe rust as long as they are applied before stripe rust gets to damaging lev- els. An application of a foliar fun- gicide when flag leaves have emerged, will help protect the most important leaf on a wheat plant and protect against yield losses.


∆ DR. CARL A BRADLEY: Extension


Plant Pathologist, University of Kentucky


nearby states, it is important to scout for this disease. Beginning symptoms appear as yellow streaks on leaves. Orange pus- tules will then appear in a “striped” pattern where the yellow streaks first occurred (Figure 1).


three years, we found we are using 40 percent less


Dr. Jason Krutz, Mississippi State University Extension research professor and a


representative of the Delta States Irrigation Conference spoke at opening


biggest threat to irrigated agriculture in the mid-South is aquifer depletion. Photo by John LaRose, Jr.


water with the irrigation tools and we’re making seven more bushels per acre.” He said one of the most diffi-


cult problems facing Mid-South agriculture is how to grow rice with less water? Approaches in- clude multiple inlet rice irriga- tion and alternate wetting and drying. “Using these tools, data out of


Mississippi, which is the same in Arkansas, shows we can reduce water use in rice up to 30 per- cent while making $40 to $50 more an acre. Please go to the ir- rigation conference meetings, and press us on how to get those results. If we pump this aquifer dry, we are all out of business,” he warned.


∆ BETTY VALLE GEGG-NAEGER:


Senior Staff Writer, MidAmerica Farmer Grower


ceremonies at the 20th Annual National Conservation Systems Cotton & Rice Conference recently, where he said the


against stripe rust; however, de- pending on when stripe rust first appears, the susceptibility of the variety, and the rate of disease progression, an earlier fungicide application may be needed. Most fungicide products available for


Figure 1. Stripe rust pustules on a wheat leaf. Photo: Carl Bradley, UK


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