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were red—the color de- pends on materials placed on the diode. Yellow, green, and orange LEDs were cre- ated in the 1970s and the recipe for the color blue— the foundation for white LEDs—was unlocked in the mid-1990s. Originally used in remote controls, exit signs, digital watches, alarm clocks, and car sig- nal lights, LEDs quickly gained momentum for large-scale lighting. By 2030, the U.S. De- partment of Energy esti- mates solid-state lighting


technologies could reduce the amount of electricity used for lighting (currently 13.6 percent of the na- tion’s total) by half, saving up to $30 billion a year in energy costs.


Farming LEDs


Electric cooperatives are supporting LED study through the Cooperative Research Network (CRN), an arm of the Arlington, Va.-based National Rural Electric Cooperative Association. Recently, CRN


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W LEDs. After six months, the dairy had cut energy use by 55 percent and boosted brightness by 30 percent.


“Utility costs go up every year—that’s re-


worked with Western Farmers Electric Cooperative, a generation and transmission cooperative based in Anadarko, Okla., and the Oklahoma State Univer- sity Animal Science Department to evaluate LEDs at a farrowing operation and a dairy farm in the Sooner State. The project measured the effectiveness of LEDs in harsh environments and looked for any infl uence on animal behavior.


T-Bar M Dairy Ranch, outside of Durant, Okla., normally uses 250-W metal halide lights in its barns. CRN exchanged those bulbs in 10 fi xtures with 120-


ality,” explains Tami Tollenaar, who man- ages the dairy. “To move forward in your business, you have to look for ways to be more effi cient. LEDs are one of the things we can do to help us move forward.” CRN also worked with Robinson Fami- ly Farms, a 380,000-head hog operation in Holdenville, Okla. The farm already used compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) but had problems because those bulbs didn’t work well in harsh conditions. “Lighting for a swine facility is pretty important,” explains owner Rich Robin- son. “We try to convince the sows it’s spring year-round to improve their eating habits.” CRN switched 25 fi xtures from 26-W CFLs to 15-W LEDs. After six months, Robinson slashed his energy use by 54 percent.


“I was worried because normally when you see an LED it doesn’t seem to put out as much light as a 150- watt incandescent bulb—it’s a different type of light,” Robinson admits. “But, after installing the lights, I was surprised at how well they lit up the area. I think


the LEDs actually outperformed the CFLs.” Continued on Page 27


SEPTEMBER 13-23


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