Gage A device for determining the dimensional size of an object (also spelled gauge).
Galvanize To coat iron or steel with zinc. Gas porosity A condition existing in a casting caused by the
Gate (ingate) Te portion of the runner where the molten metal enters the mold cavity (Fig. 6).
Grain fineness number (GFN) A system for expressing the average grain size of a given sand.
Graphite One of the soft, crystal forms of carbon. Green sand Moist, clay-bonded molding sand.
Heat A single furnace charge of metal. Heat treatment A combination of heat-
High pressure mold A strong, high- density mold made by air or hy- draulic pressure or another squeeze process.
ing and cooling operations timed and applied to a metal or alloy in the solid state in a manner that will produce desired mechanical properties.
trapping of gas in the molten metal or by mold gases evolved during the pouring of the casting.
Grain An individual crystal in a metal or alloy. Also an individual component of aggregate when referring to metalcasting sands.
Fig. 6. The gating system, which brings the molten metal to the mold cavity, is illustrated in its simplest form. The design of this system is critical in the introduction of clean metal to the mold cavity.
Holding furnace A furnace for maintaining molten metal sup- plied from a larger melting furnace at the proper pouring temperature.
Hotbox process A resin-based pro- cess that uses heated metal core- boxes to produce cores.
Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) A pro- cess used to improve the internal soundness, increase the density and improve the properties of a casting. Castings are placed in an inert atmosphere in a pressure vessel, where the temperature is raised to near the solidus. The pressure is increased in the vessel, causing plastic deformation that collapses the internal porosity.
Hot tear An irregularly shaped fracture in a casting resulting from stresses set up by steep thermal gradients within the casting during solidification.
pressure leaks. Inclusions Particles of slag, refrac- tory materials, sand or deoxidation products trapped in the casting during pouring solidification.
or hot working. Injection molding Te injection of molten metal under pressure into molds.
2015 CASTING SOURCE DIRECTORY
Impregnation A treatment of cast- ings with a sealing medium to stop
Ingot A mass of metal cast to a con- venient size and shape for remelting
Inoculation An addition to mol- ten metal of substances designed
METAL CASTING DESIGN & PURCHASING 47
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