Many cast copper alloys are polished to a high luster, and plating, soldering, brazing and welding also are routinely performed.
• Wide alloy choice, since sev- eral alloys may be suitable candidates for any given application depending on design loads and environ- ment corrosivity.
• Comparable costs to other metals due to high yield, low machining costs and little requirement for surface coat- ings, such as paint.
Types Coppers (C80100 to 81200)—
T ese alloys are pure copper (99.7% minimum) with traces of silver (for annealing resistance) or phosphorus (a de-oxidizer for welding). T ese alloys are used in high thermal and electri- cal conductivity applications, such as electrical connectors. High Coppers (C81400 to C82800)—
UNS Numbers
The three-ring purchase shown here was cast in aluminum bronze via digitally-printed sand molds.
Copper-Beryllium (C82000
to C82800)—T ese alloys con- tain 0.35-2.85% beryllium as the major alloying element and are age- or precipitation-hardened. T ey achieve high strength due to the precipitation of a fi ne second phase during heat treatment. Cop- per beryllium alloys either achieve high conductivity at moderate strength or moderate conductivity at high strength. Brasses (C83300 to C85800 and C89320 to C89940)—The brasses are the most common casting alloys and are made of
High copper alloys (more than 95.1% copper) are unique in that they combine high strength with high thermal and electrical conductivity. Chromium-Copper (C81400 to
81540)—Containing up to 1.5% chromium, the strength of these alloys is twice that of pure copper, but its electri- cal conductivity is 80% of pure copper. Applications include welding clamps and high-strength electrical connectors.
Table 1. Properties and Applications of Cast Copper-Base Alloys Alloy Family
Properties Coppers High Copper Red Brass Semi-Red Brass Yellow Brass
Copper-Bismuth & SeBiLOY
Silicon Bronze & Silicon Brass
Tin Bronze
Leaded and High- Leaded Tin Bronze
C80100 to C81200
soft, ductile, high electrical and thermal conductivity, good corrosion resistance, moderate strength
C81400 to C82800 unique combination of high strength and thermal and electrical conductivity, high hardness, wear and fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance
C83300 to C83810 high aqueous and atmospheric corrosion resistance, moderate strength and electrical conductivity
C84200 to C84800 moderate corrosion resistance and strength
C85200 to C85800 pleasant yellow color, easily polished, lower corrosion resistance
C89320 to C89940 lubricity, good machinability without lead, meets potable water standards
Manganese ronze C86100 to C86800 high strength (as cast), good wear resistance, moderate corrosion resistance
C87300 to C87800 moderate strength, high corrosion resistance, low melting point
C90200 to C91700 good corrosion resistance, ductility and wear resistance, reasonable strength, low friction coeffi cient vs. steel
C92200 to C94500 improved machinability and pressure tightness relative to tin bronzes, improved lubricity
Nickel-Tin Bronze C94700 to C94900 moderate strength, good corrosion and wear resistance components, machinery parts, motion translation devices
Aluminum Bronze C95200 to C95900 high strength, good corrosion, erosion-corrosion and cavitation resistance, good galling resistance
Copper-Nickels Nickel Silvers Leaded Coppers
Special Alloys- Incramet 800
2015 CASTING SOURCE DIRECTORY
C96200 to C96950 excellent seawater corrosion resistance, bio-fouling resistance, stress corrosion cracking resistance in ammonia, high strength
C97300 to 97800
good aqueous corrosion resistance, high castability, moderate strength, pleasant silver luster
C98200 to C98840 corrosion resistance of copper with favorable lubricity and low friction, high conductivity
good thermal conductivity, oxidation resistance and thermal fatigue resistance, high hot hardness
copper and zinc. Red Brass (C83300 to 83810)—T e
red brasses include zinc (1-12%) and tin (0.2-6.5%) and may contain lead (0.5-7%). In red brass, lead is present to promote pressure tightness in service and to facilitate free machining during manufacturing. T e red color is due to low zinc content. T e highest volume red brass alloy (C83600) has been used commercially for hundreds of years and
Applications electrical connectors, hot metal handling
electrical contacts, clamps, welding gear, bearings, molds for plastics
valves, pumps, plumbing and boat hardware, pipe fi ttings, terminal ends for electric cables
low-pressure water valves, plumbing, hardware, pipe fi ttings, faucets
decorative hardware, architectural trim, plumbing fi xtures, bushings, fi ttings
bearings and bushings, plumbing fi xtures, valves and fi ttings for potable water, food processing
gears, bolts, valve stems, marine fi ttings, propellers
bearings, gears, valve stems, intricate pump and valve components, boat propellers
bearings, piston rings, seal rings, valve fi ttings, gears, hydraulic and high-pressure steam parts, bells
similar to tin bronzes plus sleeve bearings bearings, gears, nozzles, wear guides, valve and pump
propellers, pump impellers, pump and valve parts, bearings, wear rings, marine hardware, pickling hooks and baskets
marine equipment including pump components, impellers, valves, ship tailshaft sleeves, pipes, pipe fi ttings
valves, fi ttings, hardware for food and beverage handling, seals and labyrinth rings in steam turbines, architectural trim, musical instrument valves
auto main and connecting rod bearings
glassmaking molds, plate glass rolls, marine hardware
METAL CASTING DESIGN & PURCHASING 35
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