KENYA: MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Millennium Development Goal
Implementation Status
Eradication of extreme hunger and poverty Through various interventions in the agricultural sector and financial empowerment programmes, Kenya has achieved significant reduction in the number of people living below the absolute poverty line, from 52% in the year 2000 to 45.2% in 2009.
Achievement of universal primary education Due to continued funding for free primary education and recruitment of more teachers, Kenya has witnessed a steady increase in the primary school gross enrolment rate from 110% in 2009 to 115% in 2011. Net enrollment rate increased from 67.8% in 2000 to 95.3% in 2012, while transition increased from 66.9% in 2009 to 73.3 in 2011.
Achievement of gender equality and empowering women
The government of Kenya continues to encourage girl child education and socio economic
empowerment of women. This has seen the increase of the girl to boy ratio from 0.95 in 2000 to 0.98 in 2012. The number of women in leadership and management positions has increased from 32.4% in 2008 to 38% in 2012.
Reduction of child mortality rates
The MDG influenced commitment of extra resources to the health sector, resulting in the infant mortality rates reducing from 77 deaths per 1000 live births in 2003 to 52 deaths per 1000 live births in 2009.
Reduction of maternal mortality rates
Kenya implemented bold measures including abolishing maternity charges in Government hospitals and an aggressive health campaign aptly named beyond Zero, Headed by the first Lady H.E. Margaret Kenyatta. The maternal mortality rates however increased from 414 per 100,000 live births in 2003 to 495 deaths in 100,000 live births in 2010.
Combating HIV and AIDS and other diseases HIV prevalence for youth aged 15- 24 witnessed a reduction from 3.8 in 2007 to 2.1 in 2009. There has been a sustained effort to reduce new infections. The fight against other diseases has seen Kenya reach the world Health Organization (WHO) targets in tuberculosis and the proportion of Kenyans using Insecticide Treated Mosquito nets rise from 6% in 2003 to 56% in 2009.
Ensuring environmental sustainability
Development of global partnerships Kenyans for development
MDGs’ status in Kenya
Development and Vision 2030, and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Members of
Parliament, House committees, and staff of Parliament were sensitized on their role in the MDGs process. Further, the Caucus and the Departmental Committee on Health had a working relation with the Inter- Parliamentary Union (IPU) targeting mainly MDGs 4 and 5, on child and maternal mortaility. An important legislative breakthrough of the Caucus was the motion passed by
Parliament in 2011 which compels the ministry, under which the MDGs falls, to table a report in the House every six months on the government’s progress with the MDGs. Unfortunately, a similar forum has not been formed in the 11th Parliament. This has reversed most of the gains achieved by the Caucus, especially in advocacy and awareness creation among parliamentarians, and more so as we transit to the Post- 2015 Development Agenda articulated in the SDGs.
The shift to Sustainable Development Goals As the target date for the MDGs framework is reached, a number of countries including Kenya recorded mixed results. It became necessary therefore, for the international community to adopt post-2015 international development framework. In this regard, the United Nations conference on sustainable development held in Rio de Janeiro in 2012 (RIO+20), agreed to develop future development goals. Subsequently, the General
Assembly’s working group on SDGs developed a set of 17 goals with 169 targets, covering a wide array of sustainable development matters including ending poverty and hunger and improving health and education. The SDGs are envisioned to be action oriented, concise, easy to communicate, limited in number, aspirational, global in nature and universally applicable.
Governments are expected to drive the implementation of SDGs with the active involvement of all relevant stakeholders. To this end,
The Parliamentarian | 2015: Issue One | 15
The proportion of Kenyans drawing water from clean sources rose to 52.6% while that of Kenyans with access to improved sanitation rose to 61.2%
Kenya has made great progress in the area of information technology, with about 64% of owning mobile phones.
Source: Ministry of Devolution and Planning, 2014.
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