additives | TiO2
Typical characteristics of TiO2 grades for plastics Plastics Type 1 97-98%
TiO2 content Lattice
Surface coating
Organic treatment Applications
Relative scattering power Filter Pressure Value
Test (EN 13900-5)
Carbon black undertone L* (CIELAB) in
pressed powder b* (CIELAB)
in pressed powder Dispersibility in
thermoplastics Durability (weatherability)
Lacing resistance ISO 591-1:2000 type
>97% of rutile Alumina or not
Plastics Type 2 95-96%
>97% of rutile Alumina
Plastics Type 3 91-93%
>97% of rutile
Alumina, silica [some companies use zirconia]
Yes [Hydrophobic surface properties] Yes [Hydrophobic surface properties] Yes [Hydrophobic surface properties]
Polyolefin masterbatch; flexible PVC Polyolefin masterbatch; polyethylene; PVC and polyolefins (exterior, (interior); high temperature cast films; thin films; PVC plastisols
polypropylene; PVC (interior) High
Low-medium [Lower values are better for use in masterbatches]
Blue-very blue
>96.5 [D65, spectrophotometer normalised by Net Profiler 3 tool]
<2 [D65, spectrophotometer
normalised by Net Profiler 3 tool] High
Superior Medium high
Low [Lower values are better for use Medium [Lower values are better for in masterbatches]
Very blue
>97 [D65, spectrophotometer normalised by Net Profiler 3 tool]
<2 [D65, spectrophotometer
normalised by Net Profiler 3 tool] Superior
Low-medium [Anatase grades have Medium [Anatase grades have a low level of durability]
Superior R1
ASTM D 476-00 (2005) types II Source: RD Titan Group Innovative TiO2
impart hydrophobic properties to the surface of pigment particles. These grade types have been designed for maximum processability of pigments in plastics, particularly for the production of high temperature cast films, in which the use of other TiO2
grades is limited due
to lacing (a complex temperature-dependent process that can cause bubbles or porosity in the matrix). Durability of these grades can be described as low-medium. Plastic Type 2 includes grades characterised by special surface treatment using aluminium compounds and organic additives, which typically impart hydropho- bic properties to the surface of pigment particles. These grades has been designed for maximum pigment processability of various plastics, particularly applica- tions where the dispersibility of a pigment is a critical parameter. Durability of these grades can be described as medium. Plastic Type 3 includes grades characterised by special surface treatment with aluminium and silicon (or sometimes zirconium instead or in combination with silicon) compounds and special organic additives usually imparting hydrophobicity to the surface of pigment particles. These grades have been designed for maximum pigment processability in the production of various types of plastic for which durability is a critical
44 PIPE & PROFILE EXTRUSION | January/February 2017
parameter (for example, the production of PVC window profiles). Durability of these grades can be described as superior. Some manufacturers also use rutile crystal lattice doping technology to reduce its photochemical activity and improve durability. “The top five global TiO2
manufacturers all have at
least one, but usually several, grades of each of these types in their product lines, covering all the main plastic application areas,” says Gonchar. “Of the five main Eastern European producers, only Police, Precheza and Cinkarna have special plastic grades in their product lines. Police has only Type 1, while Precheza has Types 1 and 2 and Cinkarna has only Type 2. Ukrainian manufacturers Sumyhimprom and Crimea Titan currently have no special plastic grades in their product lines and usually offer their universal paint grades to manufacturers of plastics. “Plastics grades are manufactured by only two of the manufacturers. Ishihara has several
five Japanese TiO2
grades of Types 1 and 2, although we have no informa- tion about the production of Type 3 grades. However, the company apparently offers paint grades with high durability for this market segment. Sakai produces all three plastic type grades. Of the four Indian manufacturers, only KMML has one Type 2 grade in its
www.pipeandprofile.com
a low level of durability] Medium R2 II
use in masterbatches] Neutral
>97 [D65, spectrophotometer normalised by Net Profiler 3 tool]
<2 [D65, spectrophotometer
normalised by Net Profiler 3 tool] High
Superior [Anatase grades have a low level of durability]
Low R2
II, IV
non-chalking); agricultural films; outdoor furniture; PVC window profiles
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