Utilising high quality soy protein for piglets
Young animals like piglets need special care in feeding especially considering the dietary changes they need to endure. One ingredient which has the potential to offer a smooth transition in feeding is soybean meal. Here, an outlook of soy protein utilisation in piglet diets.
By Dr Mai Anh Ton Nu, animal nutritionist, Agro Korn, Denmark
Soybeans are the most available vegetable protein source with a balanced amino acid profile and good digestibility.
A 12 PIGLETS - JULY/AUGUST 2016
t the weaning stage, piglets need to cope with the change from suckling milk to eating solid feeds while their digestive system is not fully devel- oped. This is also the reason why piglets are very sensitive to anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) in
feed ingredients. Piglets can easily get stressed, suffer from a reduce feed intake, have a decreased growth performance and diarrhoea. Providing highly digestible and high quality feed becomes a ‘must’ to support piglets to overcome this difficult transition. Traditionally, soybean meal was not ranked as a ‘safe’ feed for piglets due to its high content of ANFs. Such ANFs include a trypsin inhibitor which is heat labile and can be destroyed by heat. This inactivates protein-degrading enzymes and reduces
protein digestion, which of course results in lower growth per- formance. Furthermore, antigens are large molecular proteins that escape digestion and become immunogenic in piglets and soy oligosaccharides cause gas production (flatulence) and diar- rhoea in piglets.
Potential of the soybean Soybean however, is the most available vegetable protein source (284 million tonnes produced in 2015) with a balanced amino acid profile and good digestibility. This fact attracts the interest of many researchers to transform soy protein into an alternative protein to replace expensive protein sources like fishmeal, skim milk powder and potato protein in diets for piglets. Several pro- cesses are involved in removing ANFs in soybean, and eventuate in the three main soy protein product ranges that have more than 50% crude protein (CP) content: fermented soy, enzyme- treated soy and soy protein concentrate. Thanks to this, soy pro- tein has its own position in piglet diets; however, this can also confuse farmers who are on the quest to find a high quality soy protein for piglets.
Fermented soy Historically, the process of fermented soy originated from the production of tofu, soya sauce and soybean paste in Asia. Fermented soy is made from the fermentation of soybean meal by fungal and bacterial strains such as Aspergillus oryzae and
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