difficult peptide sequences, and the general protocol includes the means by which to minimise side reactions such as racemisation and aspartimide formation. All common activators and resins, including the hyper-acid sensitive chlorotrityl resin, can be effectively used in microwave SPPS. The general methods can also be applied to the synthesis of a variety of N-terminal-modified peptides and the fully automated synthesis of head-to- tail cyclised peptide sequences.
This article is co-authored by Jonathan M. Collins, Sandeep K. Singh, and Grace S. Vanier of CEM Corporation.
Further information Grace S. Vanier, PhD CEM Corporation Life Science Division 3100 Smith Farm Road Matthews, NC 28106 USA Tel: +1 704 821 7015 Email:
grace.vanier@
cem.com Web:
www.cem.com
REFERENCES 1. J. M. Collins, M. J. Collins, Microwaves in
Organic Synthesis, Wiley-VCH, 898-930 (2006). 2. J. M. Collins, N. E. Leadbeater, Org. Biomol. Chem., 5, 1141-1150 (2007). 3. G. S. Vanier, Microwave heating as a tool for sustainable chemistry, CRC Press, 231- 269 (2010). 4. S. L. Pedersen, A. P. Tofteng et al., Chem.
See CEM's Liberty1 single channel automated microwave peptide synthesizer.
Soc. Rev., 41, 1826-1844 (2012). 5. S. A. Palasek, Z. J. Cox et al., J. Pept. Sci., 13, 143-148 (2007). 6. V. Santagada, F. Fiorino et al., Tetrahedron Lett., 42, 5171-5173 (2001). 7. S. J. Tantry, R. V. R. Rao et al., Arkivoc, 21- 30 (2006). 8. S. A. Rahman, A. El-Kafrawy et al., Amino Acids, 33, 531-536 (2007). 9. F. Rizzolo, G. Sabatino et al., Int. J. Pept. Res. Ther., 13, 203-208 (2007). 10. B. Bacsa, K. Horvati et al., J. Org. Chem., 73, 7532-7542 (2008). 11. S. Northfield, K. Roberts et al., Int. J. Pept. Res. Ther., 16, 159-165 (2010). 12. S. L. Pedersen, K. K. Sørensen et al.,
Pept. Sci., 94, 206-212 (2010). 13. H. Rodríguez, M. Suarez et al., J. Pept. Sci., 16, 136-140 (2010). 14. H. Wakabayashi, H. Matsumoto et al., Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 43, 1267-1269 (1999). 15. D. F. H. Winkler, P. L. McGeer, Proteomics, 8, 961-967 (2008). 16. S. L. Mellor, D. A. Wellings et al., Fmoc Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis, Oxford University Press, 137-181 (2000). 17. T. Yamaguchi, M. Asay et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 134, 886-889 (2011). 18. H. Kessler, J.-W. Bats et al., Biopolymers, 28, 385-395 (1989).
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