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Opportunities arise in adverse times for governing entities
reetings to all elected officials in the great state of Arkansas. Tere are 75 counties in the state, which means there could be at least 75 different ways to accomplish the same goal. Nationally, there are 50 states and each state has its own unique situation but face the same challenges and opportunities. Even though we do have varying degrees of service delivery to our constituents, there are certain commonalities among all of us. In September, NACo senior management held a brain-storming session to consider the state of affairs in America. Following are some of excerpts from “County Landscape” as discussed
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by the management team. Tis fall, county governments and elected officials are feeling
pressures and demands that they haven’t experienced in more than a generation. Te continuing effects of the most severe and extensive downturn in the U.S. economy since the Great Depression of the 1930s and increasingly negative public attitudes toward government and government employees have made the job of governing and managing counties difficult. At the same time, these pressures have presented county officials with opportunities. Te “county landscape” doesn’t make for a pretty picture. But it does
give to those who work in and for county government a chance to step back, to analyze the composition and to make educated guesses about what the picture means. Te following items are some observations and commentary about some of the issues, challenges and opportunities for counties during the next few years. Te observations are general in nature and in no particular order of importance and may overlap categories. 1. Te real estate market remains stagnant, and declining property
values and foreclosures have had, and will continue to have, an adverse effect on county revenues, particularly given the heavy reliance by many counties on the property tax. Some economist predict that the foreclosure problem will get worse before it gets better, as unemployment increases the number of at-risk homeowners. 2. Many counties are laying off staff, putting added pressure on those
employees who remain. Since many county services are mandated by the state and the federal government, counties must continue to provide them — even with reduced staff and revenues. Inevitably, service delivery schedules, efficiencies and quality will be affected. 3. A county employee retirement “wave” has begun. Tis presents coun- ties with the challenges of recruiting new employees at a time when public employee benefits (particularly public pensions) are being reduced and re- structured. Te historic attractions of public service careers — job security and attractive benefits — are not as apparent. Increasing anti-government, anti-tax and anti-government employee attitudes may mean that fewer people will consider public service or public service careers worthwhile. Counties must be alert to a potential “brain-drain” phenomenon. 4. Counties are re-thinking how county services are provided, and
are considering outsourcing services and/or partnering with the private sector in delivering them. Outsourcing and partnering may be a more cost-effective and efficient way to deliver certain services, but questions
COUNTY LINES, WINTER 2012
President’s Perspective
of appropriateness and long-term impacts must be considered. 5. Counties are giving increased atten- tion to fee-for-service models. Counties that haven’t previously focused on fee-for- service models are now doing so, while others are looking at additional services that could be offered using that approach. Counties should be wary of overusing the model because of the potential for increased public resistance and attempts by the states to restrict or control use. 6. Counties should anticipate an increas- ing demand for government transparency and openness, and not just in the context of open meetings and FOIA requests. Public demand for Internet access to accurate, near real-time county budget and expenditure information will become more prevalent. 7. Federal and state funding for counties will continue to decline in nearly all parts of the country. As revenues from these and other sources stagnate or decline, there will be increasing examination of the roles and responsibilities of all levels of government, with an eye toward eliminat- ing and/or reducing services that are considered to be non-essential or less important. 8. Ironically, service demands will increase because the needs of a
Hon. Mike Jacobs AAC Board President; Johnson County Judge
growing retiree and elderly population, and because of the needs of the unemployed and “new poor” who are facing personal and family financial stress. Efforts to eliminate “entitlements” at the federal and state levels also will strain county services. Since counties are often the service providers of last resort (either constitutionally or by state law), services will either have to be curtailed or eliminated, or funds to continue providing them will have to be found.
9. Counties and county officials have historically been the level
of government that the public trusts the most. A recent Gallup poll confirmed this, but the percentage of those who trust local government — about 68 percent — is not increasing. At the same time, the public is increasingly unaware of counties and county government functions and services, and the time devoted in the schools to civic education has been cut back or eliminated.
10. Although the city-county consolidation wave that begun and peaked in the 1970s and 1980s has waned, increased attention is being given to functional consolidations between local government jurisdic- tions, particularly county-city and county-county. Improved efficiency, elimination of duplication and cost savings are potential benefits. Coun- ties are also exploring partnerships with the private sector as they consider functional consolidation.
Te Honorable Mike Jacobs
Johnson County Judge / AAC Board President 9
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