Understanding colour | colour & masterbatch It is generally accepted that there are three types of
cone receptors with each responding to a different range of wavelengths: one is sensitive to the blue region of the visible spectrum, another is sensitive to wave- lengths in the green region and the third responds to wavelengths in the red region. Designers are familiar with these colour spectrums as the RGB colour model, which can be used to create an array of other colours. Between the light sensing abilities of rods and the
colour distinguishing abilities of cones, the perception of colour begins. Human Brain: All visual data processing is done in
an area of the brain known as the visual cortex located at the rear of the skull. Here, all of the signals coming through the optic nerve bundle are sorted and organ- ized. The fi rst thing it looks for are edges, or discernible differences in colour or brightness. Once it has detected edges, it organizes the edges into patterns. Then, it searches its memory banks to see if any of these patterns are identifi able. This is how you can determine if you are looking at a red apple or your Aunt Helen who you haven’t seen in 15 years. Unlike a shape, a colour cannot be defi ned. It has no
pattern with edges that can be catalogued and later rec- ognized. While the brain has diffi culty remembering precise colours, it is excellent at comparing colours. If you examine two colours side-by-side, the brain can easily tell whether they are identical. If they are not identical, the brain again has a problem with accurately quantifying the degree of the difference. The brain analyses the signals it receives from the eye, searches for edges, and then considers each
Figure 4: How Many Colours Do You See? Answer: There are only three colours – white, green and pink. There seem to be two different shades of pink, but they are really the same. This shows how surroundings can greatly impact appearance
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