1% 5% 6% 4% 5% 12% 6% 8% 3% 18% Figure 2: Breakdown of tertiary EU27 electricity use6
EU final energy, at around 4,900 TWh pa. By instituting a coherent set of requirements across a wide range of energy related products (ErP), the intent is to ensure a consistent set of mandatory benchmarks. The overriding consideration is that the functionality of a product must not be lowered as a result of its conformity to the requirements of the directive. So, practically, the requirement7
that has virtually banned the
sale of incandescent lamps should also make proper provision that products that meet the regulation will provide the same light output and usability as the old style light bulb that it replaces. Unfortunately, the interpretation and application of this particular directive (although predicting savings of 39TWh pa by 20208
) has caused upset in some sectors
of the media and the general public, and has coloured opinion about the whole Ecodesign Directive. So, to properly succeed, the directive should promote holistic practices that consider all aspects of a product's impact. The aim is to move the market away from
poorly performing products and encourage the development and utilisation of improved technology. The creation of a consistent EU-
External technical- economic- environmental preparatory study
ENER or ENTR outlining the implementing measure
wide set of rules aims to prevent disparate national legislation on environmental performance and, in so doing, enable intra- EU trade. The Ecodesign Directive works closely with, but is separate from, the Energy Labelling Directive 2010/30. There has been extensive research to establish the appropriate and proportionate measures to reduce total energy consumption across the EU. The overall goal is to reduce consumption by 15% through these measures by 2020. A product subject to Ecodesign requirements will only be allowed to carry a ‘CE’ (‘European Conformity‘)9
mark if it has
complied with the regulations. In 2009, the Energy Related Products Directive (2009/125) evolved from and replaced the original Energy Using Products (EuP) Directive (2005/32)10 – both are referred to as ‘the Ecodesign Directive’. The original energy using products (EuP) were defined as those that use, generate, transfer, or measure energy, including items such as boilers, computers, light ‘bulbs’, pumps and fans. Energy related products (ErP) were initially those that had an impact on energy consumption but not necessarily those that use the energy,
3% 8% 21%
Office appliances stand-by Circulators
Street lighting Computers
Office lighting Imaging equipment
Space and water heating Air conditioning
Commercial refrigeration Ventilation Pumps
Cooking appliances Others
and include such things as windows and insulation. The term ‘ErP’ is now used universally to cover all products. The process of establishing a regulation can
be somewhat iterative, and may be prolonged, owing to individual states or interest groups having strongly-held opinions. The process starts with a workplan – the
second workplan (for 2012-2014) is still being finalised, but it was fundamentally agreed earlier this year. The products identified for inclusion under the Ecodesign requirements have high-volume EU sales (typically above 200,000 units per annum)11
. As a result,
the development of Ecodesign regulations relating to the tertiary sector has generally been determined by the relative magnitude of electrical energy use (as indicated in Figure 2). With the workplan agreed, each product
group (known as a ‘lot’) undergoes a preparatory study that examines relevant market data and the technological aspects that influence the design, manufacture, operation and disposal of the product. This work, which includes stakeholder meetings, is undertaken by consultants, who are awarded the project by tender. The resulting reports provide extensive and detailed information on the particular product group. These freely available reports are highly recommended as an information source (a recent example being the report for ENTR Lot 6 – Air Conditioning and Ventilation Systems). This study provides the core information
for the subsequent stages. A working document (WD) is produced that is shared with experts across the EU states and is used to inform a Commission impact assessment (IA). Groups of panel experts meeting in the Ecodesign consultation forums (CF) discuss the proposal, and the regulation is drafted. The proposal is shared among relevant
Two years Three months One month
Assessment by IA board
Four months Two months Three months Three months One month
Working
document on policy options
Sent to the consultation forum
External IA study (optional)
Available on ENER or ENTR website and in CIRCA
Meeting of the consultation forum
IA report + draft
implementing measure
Green light Cabinet Enterprise
Figure 3: The process for implementing measures under the 2009 Ecodesign Directive3
Green light Cabinet Energy WTO ISC notification
Vote of the committee + translation
EP and Council scrutiny
Adoption by the
Commission publication in OJ
64 CIBSE Journal November 2012
www.cibsejournal.com
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