must be strictly prohibited. Ventilation during the voyage will depend on weather conditions and a comparison between the dew point of the air inside the hold and outside the hold. Under no circumstances should hold ventilation be permitted during adverse weather conditions or before fumigation in transit has been completed.


In good weather, basic cargo ventilation rules should be observed. Guidance can be obtained from Bulk Carrier Practice: A Practical Guide (ISBN 928 0114 581). If the vessel has any oil tanks adjacent to or under the cargo holds, any steam heating to these tanks should be minimised, but in any case carefully monitored and full records maintained to prevent cargo heating and possible cargo damage. This is a point that is often overlooked by ships’ staff.


Typical examples of hold failures


The following images from a vessel which failed a grain survey, would suggest that: ●


● No hard scraping of the bulkheads was completed. ●


Previous hold cleaning had not been supervised (history of the ship’s cargoes on the stiffeners).


Showing: ●


Staining from the previous cargo (coal). ● Cargo dust residues.


●


Deposits of previous cargoes in hard to reach places.


● Flaking paint and scale.


Ship’s crew completed a very quick salt water wash. ● No chemical wash was undertaken.


A full version of this article including a ‘Grain cleaning checklist’ is available in the Loss Prevention – Carefully to Carry section of the Club website, www.ukpandi.com, under Dry bulk cargo – Hold cleaning


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