WATER TREATMENT AND SUPPLY
hazards enter the water supply, identifying risk control measures and monitoring their effectiveness. Water suppliers assist the owners of premises, local authorities, local Health Protection Units and plumbing and maintenance service providers to undertake risk assessments of premises’ water supplies.
Because the milk bottles replacing the float on the inlet valve don’t shut off the water at the right level, water in the cistern submerges the inlet valve, removing the backflow prevention air gap. If pressure drops, the cistern water can be drawn back into the supply pipe
Industry Act if an offence was committed with their consent or connivance or was attributable to their neglect.
Drinking Water Safety Plans The DWI chief inspector’s report every year has examples of bad plumbing causing contamination of drinking water. The DWI promotes use of Drinking Water Safety Plans (DWSPs) to assess the risk to drinking water quality once it passes from the mains into the plumbing systems in premises.
The safety plan includes understanding how
The Water Fittings Regulations are the essential control measures in premises’ DWSPs. Their effective implementation and enforcement can protect quality in premises better than any other single means.
Water conservation
Prevention of waste, misuse, undue consumption and erroneous measurement of water are the remaining purposes of the Water Fittings Regulations. The regulations saved water by reducing the maximum permitted flush volume for new WCs from 7.5 to 6 litres and re-introduced dual flushing. WRAS negotiated permitting retro-fitting of dual and variable flush devices to the larger ‘byelaws’ WCs, which flush over 7.5 litres.
Water suppliers enforce the duty on owners of plumbing systems to maintain them in working order. Where necessary they prosecute for wasting water, as the recalcitrant householder found when faced with £700 fine and costs
for not repairing a leaking WC cistern. Some Suppliers have accepted an Ofwat target to achieve annual water savings by enforcing rectification of regulations contraventions and by making water-saving recommendations. These water audits can help a water supplier’s relations with customers during inspections by offering some potential savings to offset the cost of rectifying contamination risks. Inspections can also identify illegal connections which deprive the water supplier of revenue, such as the 20 domestic supply connections found on an un-metered fire main. Enforcement of the Water Fittings Regulations and Scottish Byelaws by water suppliers fulfils a legal duty, but delivers so much more by protecting water quality within premises and in the supplier’s main, protecting the supplier against possible prosecution and bringing water savings by waste control and efficient use of water. nnn
The Water Regulations Advisory Scheme is owned by the UK water suppliers. It promotes the Water Fittings Regulations, provides free technical advice and administers the WRAS Approval Scheme for water fittings and the Water Industry Approved Plumbers Scheme.
www.wras.co.uk
LABORATORY ANALYSIS SPECTROPHOTOMETER DR 3900
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Traceability of Cuvette Chemistry
Sample identifi cation for 100% trace ability using RFID technology. Eliminates errors throughout the analysis process
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Further information:
www.hach-lange.co.uk info@hach-lange.co.uk 0161 872 1487
April 2011 Water & Wastewater Treatment 21
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