A F R I C A ... continued from p17
Due to the rising cost of imported fuel
and in a bid to diversify away from diesel- powered plants, Senelec is turning to coal and hydropower tomeet expected growth in energy demand. Manantali Dam’s 1,500-km transmission grid currently sup- plies 60MWof energy and is Senegal’s first hydropower project. With an installed capacity of 200 MW, Manatali is a joint development initiative between Mali, Mauritania and Senegal, each taking 53%, 15% and 32% respectively of the dam’s electricity output. The greatest potential for expansion of
hydropower production is in the Gambia, Kayanga-Geba and Koliba-Corubal river basins. The Gambia River Basin Develop- ment Organization (OMVG) has overall responsibility for the implementation of a major power infrastructure project under which hydropower will be pooled from four countries – Gambia, Guinea, Guinea- Bissau and Senegal. Integrating the four countries’ electricity grids via some 1,677 km of 225-kV cables will promote power trade between them, improve security of energy supply and reduce production costs and final electricity prices. The $1.12bn project is due to be commis-
Senegal
sioned in 2011–2012. It comprises two hydroelectric power-generating stations – the first located in Sambangalou, a village in southern Senegal on the Gambian river, with an expected installed capacity of 128 MW(four 32-MWturbines); the second in Kaleta,ontheKonkoureriver some115-km north-east of Conakry, Guinea, which will have a capacity of 240 MW(three 80-MW turbines). Sambangalou is expected to pro- duce some 402 GWh/y of energy, with Kaleta producing 946 GWh/y – meeting some 22.5% of forecast demand in Senegal, Guinea, the Gambia and Guinea- Bissau. Each country will take 40%, 40%, 12%and 8%respectively of the electricity generated by the two dams. As already noted, Senegal is also looking
to increase the number of coal-burning power plants in the country. In January 2008, state-ownedSenelec signeda 25-year power purchase agreement with the SwedishoperatorNykombSynergetics fora 125-MW coal-fired plant to be built in Sendou, located in the outskirts of Dakar. The $262mnSendouplantwillproduce 925 GWh and is due to be commissioned this
year.Much of the coal feedstockwill come fromSouth Africa, although domestic peat deposits are also to be
utilised.Meanwhile,
Understanding your culture
online survey Where is your organisation on the HSE culture ladder?
The HSE culture ladder
Understanding your culture is now offered as a web-based survey, allowing you to easily gain a snapshot of the safety culture across your organisation.
The online survey allows you to: survey a large cross section of the organisation analyse results by location and occupational level gain an understanding of where there are issues which need addressing
Safety culture - all locations
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Onshore HQ Offshore 1 Offshore 2 Offshore 3
Generative Proactive Calculative Reactive Pathological
the Chinese government has agreed to finance the construction of a 250-MWcoal- burning power plant; however full details of the project have yet to be published.
Biofuels potential Senegal is also exploring the possibility of becoming a major biofuels supplier, with interest being shown by a number of for- eign companies. Among them, a US com- pany is consideringa very large investment inethanolproductionandis seekingassur- ances for long-term leases on agricultural land for expanding sugarcane production. Another US company is considering the development of jatropha plantations and the construction of a biodiesel power plant. The government is pursuing other
renewable energy schemes, including small-scale, decentralised photovoltaic (PV) arrays at the village level. In addition, President Abdoulaye Wade has proposed a long-term project to bring nuclear power toSenegal andthe country recently joined the Vienna-based Global Nuclear Energy Partnership. There have also been recent news reports of companies inter- ested in pursuing wind turbine installa- tions in Senegal.
For more information about this efficient and cost effective service, contact Stuart King e:
sking@energyinst.org
www.energyinst.org/heartsandminds 44 PETROLEUMREVIEW APRIL 2011
%responses by cultural level
Page 1 |
Page 2 |
Page 3 |
Page 4 |
Page 5 |
Page 6 |
Page 7 |
Page 8 |
Page 9 |
Page 10 |
Page 11 |
Page 12 |
Page 13 |
Page 14 |
Page 15 |
Page 16 |
Page 17 |
Page 18 |
Page 19 |
Page 20 |
Page 21 |
Page 22 |
Page 23 |
Page 24 |
Page 25 |
Page 26 |
Page 27 |
Page 28 |
Page 29 |
Page 30 |
Page 31 |
Page 32 |
Page 33 |
Page 34 |
Page 35 |
Page 36 |
Page 37 |
Page 38 |
Page 39 |
Page 40 |
Page 41 |
Page 42 |
Page 43 |
Page 44 |
Page 45 |
Page 46 |
Page 47 |
Page 48