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> “This shows how important it is to have building of the lifts yellow, which makes them pretty uninviting.
services input from day one of the concept design,” says
Banks. “We were fortunate with this project because we
We’re
People think twice about venturing in and will only do
so for essential trips.
were already working on Defra’s building in York, and expecting a 25-
conversations with the architect about Alnwick began
year payback on
Emissions
before the first design team meeting – so you could say
we were involved before day one.”
the renewables
Gas and biomass consumption was predicted at
26,853kWh per annum compared with 170,379kWh in
Full-year performance results will be available in – overall it is a the old building and, in fact, the minimal heat demand
May 2010 for the wind turbines, which could not be
cost-effective
has resulted in the building performing well ahead of
erected until the Old Lion House was demolished, and
so have only been in place only since March. However,
way of saving
that target.
Overall, CO2 emissions have reduced by 81 per cent
the focus for year one has been on minimising energy carbon. thanks to annual heat demand being 98 per cent down
consumption as the important first step towards a truly and grid electricity reduced by 38 per cent compared
zero carbon building – Defra’s eventual aim. with 2007/08 figures in the old building.
However, there is still much further to go because
Electricity consumption the renewables have really not fully come on stream
In this respect, it is not all good news. Banks says as yet. The PV array is performing “as expected”,
that the building was using more electricity than according to Banks, but the three wind turbines have
anticipated and it took some time for the post- only been operating since March and the biomass
occupancy survey team to work out why. An improved is just ticking over to maintain temperatures. A
building monitoring system that delivers quarter solar thermal system is providing most of the hot
hourly readings provided the breakthrough, enabling water requirement without producing any kind
AECOM to study electricity consumption during the of carbon footprint.
night in some detail.
It appears that some printers, computers and other
electrical equipment are being left switched on through
the night. Also, the controls on the AHU are not
Comparison of energy usages between former building
ramping down fan powers as originally intended and
and current buildings, including actual readings
occupants have been pulling down the internal blinds
Old Lion House Projections for new Year 1 meter readings
on sunny days to reduce glare but not raising them
2007/8 energy use Lion House energy for new Lion House
and resulting carbon use and resulting and resulting carbon
again leading to unnecessary use of internal lights.
emissions carbon emissions emissions
“This is the big unknown and explains the below-
Electricity imported 218,937 kWh 57,305 kWh 82,942 kWh
expected heat demands,” says Banks. “You can’t be
from grid and used 92,391 kgCO2/yr 24,182 kgCO2/yr 35,001 kgCO2/yr
absolutely sure how people are going to behave in
on site
the building. We did discuss going to fully automated Electricity generated 0 kWh 32,000 kWh
control of lighting, window opening and heating, but
and used on site 0 kgCO2/yr - 4,672 kgCO2/yr
20,088 kWh
ideally you want people to have some control over their
-11,410 kgCO2/yr
own comfort – the secret is getting them to buy into
Electricity exported 0 kWh 42,908 kWh
to grid 0 kgCO2/yr - 24,372 kgCO2/yr
taking some responsibility for the energy efficiency of
Gas use 231,808 kWh 2,686 kWh 0 kWh
the building.”
44,971 kgCO2/yr 521 kgCO2/yr 0 kgCO2/yr
Predicted net annual grid electricity consumption
Biomass use 0 kWh 24,167 kWh 1,704 kWh
was 14,397kW/h compared with 111,882kW/h in
0 kgCO2/yr 604 kgCO2/yr 43 kgCO2/yr
the old Lion building. The monthly meter readings
showed that in the first five months of occupancy
Net total 450,745 kWh 41,250 kWh 104,734 kWh
137,362 kgCO2/yr -3,737 kgCO2/yr 23,634 kgCO2/yr
actual consumption was below the predicted amount,
but from that point onwards consumption rose slightly
above target.
AECOM ran a series of workshops for the Defra staff
before they took occupancy of the building, to explain
how the systems worked and how they could contribute
to its ongoing performance. However, Banks said it
looked like behaviour had started to slip over time.
Now there is talk of reinforcing the messages by
introducing an element of fun such as energy saving
league tables between different floors and other
incentives for occupants to make the mantra – ‘Don’t
use it, turn it down and turn it off’ – part of their
everyday psychology.
One example of how the building managers have
tried to influence behaviour is by painting the inside
34 CIBSE Journal July 2009 www.cibsejournal.com
CIBSEjul09 pp32-35 Buildings.indd 34 25/6/09 15:21:03
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