Ice makes a difference In-depth | ICE-GOING SHIPS


Interacting forces and moments generated when ships are overtaking or passing each other at opposite headings in ice channels have a very different type of variation when compared to well-studied hydrodynamic interactions in open water. A submission from Professor Vadim K Goncharov, Natalia Yu Klementieva, and Kirill E Sazonov*.


to ensure the safety of navigation in the winter season when the Gulf is covered with ice. Tese studies have been founded by the European Union under the MS GOF Project (Marine Safety in the Gulf of Finland). In many cases ship collisions at sea


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occur when ships are overtaking or passing each other in opposite directions and the beam distance between the vessels is reduced, so that their hulls get involved in hydrodynamic interaction. Tis kind of interaction gives rise to side forces and yaw moments affecting the behavior of both vessels. Analysis of accident statistics shows that hydrodynamic interaction of hulls account for 10% of collisions and contacts between ships sailing in opposite directions, and for 17% of such accidents when one ship is overtaking the other one. This problem is particularly urgent


for ships sailing in a narrow ice channel. Tese navigation conditions are typical of the Gulf of Finland with relatively shallow water depths and an increasing number


*Authors of Article Goncharov Vadim K. Professor, Doctor of Engineering, Saint-Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Department “Ocean Technique and Marine Technology”, 3, Lotsmanskaya str, Saint-Petersburg, 190008, Russia, e-mail: vkgonch@mail.ru. Klementieva Natalia Yu, Candidate of Engineering,


Krylov Shipbuilding Research Institute, Ice Basin Laboratory, 44, Moskowskoe sh., Saint-Petersburg, 196158, Russia, e-mail: nklem@mail.ru. Sazonov Kirill E, Doctor of Engineering, Krylov


Shipbuilding Research Institute, Ice Basin Laboratory, 44, Moskowskoe sh., Saint-Petersburg, 196158, Russia, e-mail: kirsaz@rambler.ru.


16 The Naval Architect February 2009


he growth of oil shipments from the Gulf of Finland in the Baltic Sea calls for special investigations


Figure 1. Structure of the navigable ice channel at initial stage after an icebreaker created it (a) and after multiple ships’ passages (b).


Figure 2. Possible variants of accident under traffic of ships within navigable ice channel: the drop-off on channel edge under overtaking (a) and under opposite motion (b).


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