UKM-SUM24-PG56+58_Layout 1 27/06/2024 11:35 Page 58
ELECTRONICS
close to the coil of an inductor, the change in current in the coil can be detected. Inductive sensors are widely used in automation and industrial processes, partly because they require no physical contact, so they work well even if dust, water, or dirt is present. Inductive sensors are also used to detect the presence of vehicles at traffic intersections. Finally, inductors are used to match the impedances of a power source to that of the load that it is powering. This maximises the power transferred to the load and, thus, the system’s efficiency.
Figure 3: Bourns SRN3010C semi-shielded power inductors. (Source: Mouser Electronics)
INDUCTOR TYPES
There are several different popular types of inductors in widespread usage, including air core, iron core, and ferrite core. They can be found in many different shapes and sizes, from tiny surface-mount components up to large coils.
Figure 4: Murata Power Solutions 3000D surface-mount power inductors. (Source: Mouser Electronics)
movement of contacts which close an electronic switch, allowing current to flow to the load. Another application, induction motors, use an alternating current to generate a magnetic field in the inductor, which then causes a motor spindle to rotate. Previously, we described how a ferromagnetic core can greatly change the inductance value of an inductor. This property is how inductive sensors work: When a metallic object comes
Figure 5: EPCOS/TDK industrial single pair Ethernet (SPE) inductors. (Source: Mouser Electronics)
An air core inductor is, as the name suggests, a device without a ferromagnetic core. As discussed earlier, this means that the inductance will be lower; but air core inductors do not incur the energy losses experienced in ferromagnetic cores due to eddy currents and hysteresis. As these core losses increase with increasing frequency, air core inductors are often the preferred choice for high-frequency applications and particularly for radio frequency (RF) use cases. Other types of inductors have a
ferromagnetic core to increase their inductance - in some cases by a factor of several thousand compared to an air core inductor. Iron cores are a common choice, providing excellent performance for many applications. The core may be laminated using thin metal sheets, which reduces eddy currents. For higher frequencies, a ferrite core can be used; as ferrite is not conductive, it does not allow eddy currents to flow.
PRODUCT SHOWCASE
Mouser Electronics is an authorized distributor for many inductor manufacturers including Abracon, Bourns, Coilcraft, EPCOS, Murata, Taiyo Yuden, TDK, Vishay, and Würth Elektronik. In this section, we’ll look at five examples of inductors for different applications. Firstly, an example of a choke is the Bourns 04770x common mode choke (Figure 1), which features a compact package size with excellent attenuation for symmetric and asymmetric noise. The 04770x series has inductance values from 1.5mH to 3.3mH and operates in a wide temperature range of -25°C to +125°C. Typical applications for these chokes include frequency converters, drives and control circuits, wall boxes, and power supplies. For DC/DC conversion in switch mode power supplies, Abracon ASPI-F4030 and ASPI-F6060 molded SMD power inductors (Figure 2) are tiny surface-mount components measuring as little as 4.1mm × 4.1mm × 3.1mm. They are suitable for electric vehicles, robotics, infotainment, and body electronics, and provide high efficiency and a shielded construction. Bourns SRN3010C semi-shielded power inductors (Figure 3) are constructed with a magnetic-silica coating on the perimeter of the inductor winding to provide effective shielding. As a result, they emit lower magnetic field radiation than non-shielded inductors. These small, 2.0mm-profile power inductors have an inductance range of 1µH to 47µH and a rated current of up to 3.4A. They are well suited for use in DC-DC converters and power supplies in consumer, industrial, and telecom applications. For suppressing noise in higher-power applications such as high-current switching power supplies, designers should consider the Murata Power Solutions 3000D surface-mount power inductors. They offer a rated current of up to 80A, an inductance range from 90nH to 155nH, and a low-profile design. Finally, the EPCOS/TDK industrial single pair Ethernet (SPE) inductors (Figure 5)are designed for Power over Ethernet (PoE) applications. Suppressing asymmetrical interference is important in PoE, enabling systems to achieve interference-free data traffic and power in the same physical cables.
INDUCTORS: A FUNDAMENTAL PASSIVE COMPONENT
The humble inductor is a crucial component in virtually every electronics design, offering a wide range of uses in filtering, power conversion, switching and more. There are many different inductors available with a broad variety of electrical and physical characteristics. Mouser offers a comprehensive lineup of inductors from industry-leading suppliers, backed with expert advice. So whatever your application, you can find the right inductor for it.
Mouser Electronics
www.mouser.com
58 Summer 2024 UKManufacturing
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