DISPLAYS & UIs
OLED displays in the industry: the brightly lit future of screen technology?
Peter Jendros, product manager displays at DATA MODUL AG O
LED displays have become an integral part of many areas of daily life. Excellent attractive technology for use in televisions, smartphones, tablets and watches, for unique and what other potential opportunities does it open for the industrial sector?
Structure and function of OLED technology
In contrast to conventional LED technology, in which semiconductor materials provide a relatively simple structure and basically consist of several layers. The outer layers comprise the carrier substrate, on which the layers are applied one after the other, as well as a protective glass. The latter serves to protect the underlying receptive layers such as oxygen and moisture, as these can luminosity over time.
the carrier substrate, usually a glass pane. This matrix controls the brightness of each individual sub-pixel. It is also possible to use substrates.
The lower layers comprise the anode (positive pole) and the cathode (negative the organic emission layer when an electrical voltage is applied. The intensity of the current through the light-emitting layer directly There is therefore a proportional relationship between current intensity and brightness. The actual light-emitting layer, consisting of carbon molecules, emits energy in the form surrounded by two further layers: an electron transport layer and a hole transport layer. With
Operating principle
As with TFT liquid crystal displays (LCD),
light-emitting diode) uses a pixel matrix to reproduce the image. A pixel consists of three sub-pixels in the primary colours red, green and blue. All colours can be generated by deliberately controlling the brightness using a TFT matrix. In contrast to LCD displays, which
and an intermediate liquid crystal layer to
Comparison OLED vs. LCD LCD displays in terms of power consumption, as they control the brightness depending on the image and therefore consume permanently bright and therefore causes comparatively higher energy consumption. The main argument in favour of using displayed colours are more faithful and have perfect for displaying moving images. product developers more design freedom for device development.
18 SEPTEMBER 2024 | ELECTRONICS FOR ENGINEERS
Lifespan and long-term maintenance of image quality are heavily dependent on the ageing and reduction in brightness of the individual pixels. The load on the pixels varies depending on the image content displayed. have a longer service life compared to bright, power-intensive image areas. Manufacturers use various measures to minimise these effects. For example, algorithms that are invisible to the user run at regular intervals. This leads to a more even utilisation of the pixels and should therefore maintain the image quality over a longer period.
picture quality, LCD technology is improving enhance contrast.
MicroLED technology, using semiconductor LEDs, is an emerging competitor. Although still developing, initial models have appeared on and promising a competitive future.
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