REFERENCES


1. Gallup-Palmer College of Chiropractic Annual Report: Managing Neck and Back Pain in America. (2018). Retrieved December 11, 2019, from https://news.gallup.com/reports/272771/palmer-chiropractic-annual-report-2018.aspx


2. Global burden of low back pain. (2018). Retrieved January 13, 2020, from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/03/180321130901. htm


3. Dieleman, J.L. et al. (2017). Factors Associated With Increases in US Health Care Spending, 1996-2013. JAMA, 318(17), 1668-1678. DOI 10.1001/jama.2017.15927


4. Integrative Health and Medicine: Today’s Answer to Affordable Healthcare. (2016). Retrieved November 15, 2019 from http://www. ihpc.org/wp-content/uploads/IHPC-CE-Booklet-March2015.pdf


5. Goertz, C.M. et al. (2018). Insurer Coverage of Nonpharmacological Treatments for Low Back Pain — Time for a Change. JAMA Network, 1(6), 1-3. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.3037


6. Gallup-Palmer College of Chiropractic Annual Report 2018, ibid. 7. Americans’ Perceptions of Chiropractic. (2015). Retrieved December 16, 2019, from https://www.palmer.edu/uploadedFiles/Pages/ Alumni/gallup-report-palmer-college.pdf


8. National Research Council and the Institute of Medicine. (2001). Musculoskeletal disorders and the workplace: low-back and upper extremities. National Academies Press. DOI: 10.17226/10032


9. De Luca, K. et al. (2017). The Relationship Between Spinal Pain and Comorbidity: A Cross-sectional Analysis of 579 Community- Dwelling, Older Australian Women. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, 40(7), 459-466. DOI: 10.1016/j. jmpt.2017.06.004


10. Heyward, J. et al. (2018). Coverage of Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Low-Back Pain Among US Public and Private Insurers. JAMA Network, 1(6), 1-14. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.3044


11. The Path to Change in the US Healthcare System: Chiropractic Cost-Effectiveness Supplement. (2012). Retrieved November 15, 2019, from https://chirosummit.org/uploads/CostEffectJointStatement-1-9-2013.pdf


12. Heyward, J. et al, Ibid. 13. New UnitedHealthcare Benefit for Low Back Pain Helps Reduce Invasive Procedures and Address the Opioid Epidemic. (2019). Retrieved November 1, 2019, from https://newsroom.uhc.com/news-releases/back-pain-program.html


14. Coulter, I.D. et al. (2018). Manipulation and Mobilization for Treating Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis. Spine Journal, 18(5), 866-879. DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2018.01.013


15. Paige, N.M. et al. (2017). Association of Spinal Manipulative Therapy with Clinical Benefit and Harm for Acute Low Back Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Journal of the American Medical Association, 317(14), 1451-1460. DOI: 10.1001/ jama.2017.3086


16. Gallup-Palmer College of Chiropractic Annual Report 2018, ibid. 17. Americans’ Perceptions of Chiropractic, ibid. 18. Foster, N. et al. (2018). Prevention and Treatment of Low Back Pain: Evidence, Challenges, and Promising Directions. The Lancet, 391(10137), 2368-2383. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30489-6


19. Ibid. 20. Gallup-Palmer College of Chiropractic Annual Report: Americans’ View of Prescription Pain Medication and Chiropractic Care. (2017). Retrieved on December 12, 2019, from https://www.palmer.edu/getmedia/32a0a7e4-26df-4d99-b4c9-e5e47b83ceac/palmer- gallup-annual-report-2017.pdf


21. Hartvigsen, J. et al. (2018). What Low Back Pain Is and Why We Need to Pay Attention. The Lancet, 391(10137), 2356-2637. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30480-X


20 PALMER COLLEGE OF CHIROPRACTIC


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