| Dam safety


GSM/GPRS modems, provide continuous data transmission to remote monitoring centers. Wireless sensor networks, equipped with LoRa (Long Range) technology, offer a flexible and scalable solution for dam monitoring, reducing the need for extensive ca-bling. Additionally, laser scanning technology is employed for precise 3D deformation monitoring, enabling detailed analysis of dam movements over time. These technologies facilitate real-time monitoring and alert systems, ensuring that any anomalies are promptly detected and addressed, thereby enhancing the overall safety and reliability of dams. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR)


technology is a powerful tool for dam monitoring, capable of measuring surface deformation with milli-metric precision over large areas, regardless of weather conditions. InSAR uses satellite-based radar to track ground displacement, offering extensive coverage and high monitoring point density. This technology is particularly useful for monitoring dam stability, including surrounding slopes and infrastructure, providing both short- and long-term displacement trends.


InSAR is advantageous because it doesn’t require


on-site installations, reducing the need for extensive groundwork. It also allows for the detection of cyclical displacement patterns, helping identify anomalies in dam behavior. Th technology supports real-time monitoring and rapid response capabilities, which are crucial for ensuring dam safety. Drones equipped with high-resolution cameras and sensors complement ground-based measurements by providing detailed data on external deformations and environmental conditions. This aerial perspective enhances the accu-racy of routine inspections while reducing the time and costs associated with manual inspections. By triangulating data from drones, ground-based sensors, and remote sensing technologies, stakeholders gain precise and actionable insights into dam health and safety.


Proqio – for data integration and


analysis All the data from monitoring, be it any sensor, remote sensing technology, or surveying equipment, irrespective of the brand, can be integrated into Proqio, the data intelligence platform, providing a comprehensive view of the dam’s structural health. Proqio’s near real-time online data display allows stakeholders to access and monitor the information promptly from anywhere. You can group instrumentation and technologies together and visualize them through flexible graph options. You can also swap axes and compare data from different groups of equipment. Proqio’s advanced data analysis capabilities,


powered by AI and machine learning algorithms, enable the identification of potential risks, change detection, and data validation across various dam infrastructure types. The platform offers customizable data representation, including digital twins, 3D maps, trend analysis, and interactive dashboards tailored to stakeholders’ needs. Automatic SMS and email alerts are integrated into the system to notify stakeholders of any critical events or anomalies, enabling timely response and decision-


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making. Any anomalies or potential risks are communicated instantly, ensuring timely intervention.


Its infrastructure monitoring solution is designed


to integrate with existing asset risk management systems and broader disaster management systems. Early warning systems provide real-time alerts, allowing prompt action to mitigate risks. Proqio helps conduct risk assessments and action plans, with alert configurations and notifications to keep projects on track and teams informed. Continuous monitoring supports predictive


maintenance strategies, preventing issues from escalating into major problems. By identifying potential issues early, we can sched-ule maintenance activities more effectively, reducing downtime and ensuring the dam’s safety.


Notable projects The Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement Project


(DRIP) in India, launched by the Central Water Commission (CWC) with World Bank financial aid, aims to enhance the safety and operational performance of dams. Initiated to address critical issues, the project began with Phase I, focusing on 223 dams, and expanded in 2020 with Phases II and III to include over 225 dams, targeting 700 dams. The project involves structural repairs, capacity building, and implementation of flood forecasting systems. By improving dam safety, operational efficiency, and sustainable management practices, DRIP ensures better water resource management and protection of downstream communities. Encardio Rite was responsible for the structural health monitoring of 70 dams under this project, some of them being Mettur Dam, Krishnagiri Dam, Vaigai Dam, and Idukki Dam.


Above: Laser scanner data on Proqio


Below: Instrumentation data heatmap on Proqio


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