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| COMMENT EDITORIAL


EDITOR: Patrick Reynolds +44 (0)7890 122047


editor@tunnelsandtunnelling.com


FEATURE WRITER: Julian Champkin julian.champkin@tunnelsandtunnelling.com NEWS WRITER: Keren Falwell DESIGNER/ART EDITOR: Adam McNamara ADVERTISING


COUNTING CARBON, AND MORE


What gets locked into plans comes from the early thinking gone into the endeavour. Same for projects, such as underground infrastructure. Or anything. The theme is increasingly prominent


around concerns of climate change and the desire the shrink the carbon load that is generated when producing construction materials, such as cements traditionally and commonly used in concrete. As concrete in different forms is a common factor in tunnel design and construction, more efforts are being made to lighten the carbon loads of such materials. Some of the efforts and thinking


are discussed in the technical focus on concrete in this issue. Also on matters of concrete –


and its use on a huge scale – this issue of T&T also has images of the large-scale steel formwork now onsite in Denmark to cast the many heavy segments that will make up the world’s longest immersed tube tunnel. While big in themselves, they are swallowed by the dedicated precasting factory built for the Fehmarn project that will link to Germany.


Founded upon years of planning,


the construction effort is taking off. The need for greater early focus


on pre-construction planning, and consequently de-risking, is also a feature of guidance issued by ITA on preparing for spoil management, whatever the type of tunnelling activity. The guide draws upon lessons from a number of projects, especially in the US and Italy, and builds upon earlier work by the ITA. Key points from the guidance report are reviewed. The other side of what comes out


of the ground is what goes in, and this issue carries two features with quite different thinking on where and how to place nuclear waste underground for safe and secure long-term storage. Once again, we are also pleased


to carry a runner-up paper from the most recent BTS Harding Prize Competition. The paper discusses research findings on grey cast iron linings, which are so common in the older metro (‘Tube’) tunnels in London, and presents new structural insights.


Patrick Reynolds Editor


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EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD


Mark Leggett (Chair) BEng, CEng, FICE Ken Spiby (Deputy Chair) BEng Rod Young (BTS Chair) B.Sc. (Hons) MIMMM Charles Allen BSc (Eng), MICT, FCS Divik Bandopadhyaya BEng (Hons) MSc GMICE Roger Bridge BEng, ACSM, FIMMM Rosa Diez CEng, BSc (Hons), DIC, FGS, MIMMM Mehdi Hosseini MSc CEng MICE MIMMM MAPM Dr Benoit Jones MEng, EngD, CEng, MICE Dr Donald Lamont MBE, PhD, CEng, FICE Darren Page BSc, MSc, CEng, CGeol, MIMMM, FGS Andrew Smith BSc, CEng, MICE David Terry BEng, CEng, FIMMM, FICE Ivor Thomas BEng, LLB, CEng, FICE


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July 2023 | 3


Tunnels & Tunnelling International and its Editorial Advisory Board accept no responsibility for the accuracy of statements, portrayal of best practice, or opinion given within the Magazine that is not the expressly designated opinion of the Magazine or its Editorial Advisory Board.


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