MATERIALS | COMPOSITES
Right: Researchers at Robert Gordon University have assessed manu- facturing defects in TCPs in oil and gas applications
Three specimens were extracted and evaluated using electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Pipe buried in basic ground showed leaks and colour changes, though no significant damage to the fibreglass; acidic ground caused significant damage to the glass fibre. “Laying the pipe in acidic soil significantly
reduces its life, which should be taken into consideration during the design phase,” said the researchers, in the journal Materials. They concluded that a one-unit pH change in the acidic spectrum decreases pipe life by around 10 years. So, if a pipe in neutral soil (a pH of 7) is expected to last 50 years, it would lose 40 years of that lifespan at a pH of 5. To avoid deterioration of buried GRP pipes over
time, the researchers recommended specific measures during the design phase: a petrochemi- cal study, to determine the pH of the soil at the required depth; and the presence of Na+, oil residues and other forms of pollution. In addition, using a higher class of pressure and rigidity than that obtained from the static calculation will retain mechanical characteristics for safety in operation – despite their steep regression over time.
Hydrogen hub Strohm has won a contract from Econnect to provide more than 11km of thermoplastic compos- ite pipe (TCP) for the TES Wilhelmshaven green gas terminal in Germany. The project aims to provide clean energy in the form of green hydrogen, green gas and green power. In the initial phase, due to start in the second
half of 2023, the terminal will be used to import natural gas. TCP is an integral part of the solution, being used for the transfer of gas between the floating storage and regassification unit (FSRU) and the onshore terminal – a distance of about 2km. Strohm will provide six 8in flowlines with a
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IMAGE: SHUTTERSTOCK
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