Figure 1 - EU total feed demand (million t).
100 150 200 250 300
50 0 2010 Low-protein feed 2020 Medium-protein feed 2030 High-protein feed
Both the pro- duction and prices of soya beans are projected to increase.
accounts for 60% of the total consumption of the three main cereals: wheat, maize and barley. The EU market for feed is moving towards more locally pro- duced and/or non-GM grains. This has an impact on the feed demand for grains in terms of volume and even more so in terms of value.
EU market for protein crops and rice The EU market for protein crops and rice is expected to grow due to increasing demand for feed. Consumption of protein crops in feed rations is also likely to increase, thanks to de- mand for more diversified protein sources, and better availa- bility (also due to more inclusion of protein crops in crop rota- tion systems). With the short-term increase in demand and a delayed sup- ply response, imports could increase at the beginning of the outlook period. Imports should stabilise and could ultimately decline towards 2030 and be replaced by increased domestic production.
Oilmeals remain steady Oilmeals (by-products of oilseeds crushing for oil production) are widely used by the feed industry as high-protein feed ma- terial. The total volume of oilseeds crushed in the EU is ex- pected to rise by just 0.3% to reach 31.4 million tonnes in 2030. Rapeseed is likely to remain the main crushed com- modity in the EU thanks to its ample availability.
Low-protein feed remains most prominent Low-protein feed is feed material with less than 15% protein
content. It includes the main grains (wheat and coarse grains) as well as cereal brans and molasses. It represents almost 60% of the raw materials used in feed (in volume) and is largely composed of wheat and maize. This percentage is pro- jected to remain the same in the outlook period, during which maize will still be the first feed ingredient, accounting for 40% of total volume of feed grains, and wheat remaining second at 30%. A large proportion of feed is also sourced from pasture. The volume is calculated to have been 940 million tons of grass for the 2018/2019 marketing year (taking into account the drought over the summer), with a protein content of around 2.5%. Feed from pasture could increase, particularly from temporary grassland, which can also be enriched with fodder legumes. Medium-protein feed includes feed ingredients with a protein content between 15% and 30%, e.g. pulses such as field peas and broad beans, as well as corn-gluten feed and distillers dried grains. Pulses are increasingly used in feed rations but are difficult to expand due to their relative high price compared to other materials. Nevertheless, their use for feed is expected to increase over the outlook period thanks to increasing demand for locally-produced and/or non-GM feed and the increased use of pulses within crop ro- tation systems. High-protein feed, such as oilseeds meal, fishmeal and skimmed milk powder, contains more than 30% protein. Around 57 million tons of high-protein feed is expected to be consumed in the EU in 2030. Soya bean meals are expected to remain at the top of this category, and their use could be as high as 31 million tonnes.
▶ ALL ABOUT FEED | Volume 28, No. 1, 2020 19
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