A World Made by Women


Chiricahua adolescents at Carlisle Indian School, 1887. Pennsylvania. This famous set of photographs of Chiricahua adolescents was created to illustrate measures being taken to “civilize” Chiricahua Apaches. The children, along with their parents and grandparents, had fled the San Carlos Apache reservation in 1886. They were removed from Arizona, against the formally negotiated conditions for their return to the reservation, and were held as prisoners-of-war by the U.S. Army for the next 26 years. NMAI N13838 & N13837


30 AMERICAN INDIAN WINTER 2015


PHOTOS BY JOHN NICOLAS CHOATE


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