TEST, SAFETY, SYSTEMS Drive-by-wire requires a similar
level of maintenance to traditional steering mechanisms, requiring no additional check-ups. However, a big advantage is the ability to monitor data and access read-out data meaning mechanics can recognise the current operating state and assess it. Data can be accessed both by a mechanic in a workshop or remotely. The removal of mechanical
components means there are fewer potential parts to harm a driver in the event of crashing, meaning they are safer in the cockpit. It also allows for new options in installing an airbag. This creates better passive safety inside the cockpit. Morris adds: “In emergencies,
drivers may overreact or make incorrect steering inputs. Steer-by- wire can automatically correct these inputs, stabilising the vehicle more effectively. This reduces the risk of accidents caused by oversteering or understeering. The elimination of mechanical steering components reduces the number of parts that
Steer-by-wire is electric, intelligent, software-based, and interconnected
could endanger occupants in an accident. It also opens up new options for the installation of safety features like airbags.”
ASSESSING THE BENEFITS Overall vehicle weight can be reduced by removing the unnecessary components associated with traditional steering mechanisms. This is beneficial to the fuel economy of the car, making it cheaper to operate. It also requires less raw materials to manufacture, lowering costs for OEMs. Both mechanical complexity and
weight are overcome by using steer- by-wire, as all these components are removed and the design is simplified. Variable steering ratios can be deployed in steer-by-wheel, meaning there is no need to compromise the steering ratio between low- speed manoeuvrability and high- speed stability. It also allows for customisable driving experiences, such as sport or comfort. OEMs are also afforded more room
inside the cockpit to design, allowing them to improve the ergonomics of various features. This can help inspire innovation and more efficient vehicle designs. Passengers can benefit from more legroom and new steering wheel formats, with the potential for it to even retract into the dashboard.
DRIVING TOWARDS TOMORROW In the future, it is possible a central high-performing computer will control the system along with all other driving dynamics functions, Morris says. This opens up a pathway for a fully autonomous driving system. This is not only applicable to
passenger cars but also to heavy goods vehicles. Industry could take advantage of this technology for applications such as deliveries. This would empower 24-hour delivery services without the need for paying overtime to staff, or even employing staff who do not need to be able to operate such machinery, reducing overhead costs.
Overall vehicle weight can be
reduced by removing the unnecessary components associated with traditional steering mechanisms
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